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Growth hormone in health and disease
This Focus issue includes specially commissioned articles that provide an overview of the different uses of growth hormone (GH) therapy, including the treatment of children with idiopathic short stature and adult GH deficiency, as well as insights into the diagnosis and management of these disorders. Additional topics covered include the effects of altered GH signalling on obesity and lifespan, and the risks and benefits of off-label use of recombinant human GH to treat obesity and as an antiageing therapeutic.
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The ageing endocrine system
This Focus issue includes five specially commissioned articles that provide an overview of the diagnosis and management of different endocrine disorders that affect an ageing population, and discuss the risks and benefits of certain treatment options. The topics covered include advances in our understanding of thyroid dysfunction in the elderly, the benefits and risks of postmenopausal hormone therapy, changes in pituitary function in the elderly, the interplay between oxidative stress and the endocrine system, and new therapeutic strategies against cognitive decline in ageing women.
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Endocrine disorders in pregnancy
This Focus issue on endocrine disorders in pregnancy includes specially commissioned articles that outline the pathophysiology of different endocrine disorders that affect pregnancy and offspring outcomes and discuss optimal clinical management strategies. The topics covered were identified by leaders in the field as important areas in research and clinical practice.
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Celiac Sprue and Mucosal Immunity
Celiac disease is an intestinal inflammatory disorder that occurs in genetically predisposed individuals and causes intolerance to wheat protein gluten and related proteins (prolamines) that are contained in barley and rye. Histologically, the small bowel mucosa in celiac disease shows villous atrophy (lost of villi), crypt hyperplasia and lymphocyte infiltration. To allow better understand the histological damage that occurs during mucosal changes Marsh proposed a series of stages to aid diagnostics: Marsh I represents lymphocytic enteritis, Marsh II represents lymphocytic enteritis with crypt hyperplasia, and Marsh III represents partial (a), subtotal (b) and total (c) villous atrophy. These changes are accompanied by a gradual increase in the number of T cells and activation of immunoregulatory counteractions in the diseased mucosa. The March 2011 special issue on celiac sprue and mucosal immunity presents some of the latest advances in celiac disease diagnostics; the web focus further expands our understanding of this inflammatory disorder through a collection of recent articles from across Springer Nature.
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Pituitary tumors
This Focus issue on pituitary tumors includes specially commissioned articles that translate the latest pathogenesis and management insights into clinical practice. Identified by leaders in the field as promising areas in pituitary research, the Focus issue provides a valuable and cutting-edge resource for clinicians and researchers alike.
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Thyroid cancer
This Focus issue on thyroid cancer includes specially commissioned articles discussing the pathophysiology of thyroid neoplasia and current and future clinical management strategies. The topics covered were identified by leaders in the field as promising areas in thyroid cancer research and clinical practice, making the Focus issue a valuable resource for investigators and practitioners alike.
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Noninsulin therapies for T1DM
This Focus on noninsulin therapies for type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) includes a series of specially commissioned articles that introduce some novel approaches to the prevention and treatment of this chronic condition. Identified by the leaders in the field as promising areas in diabetes research, the Focus provides a valuable resource for clinicians and researchers alike.