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Non-small-cell lung cancer is the most common form of lung cancer; it comprises different histological tumour types, including adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma and large-cell carcinoma. As shown in this PrimeView, several modifiable risk factors, including tobacco smoking, contribute to risk.
Non-small-cell lung cancer is the most common form of lung cancer; it is associated with smoking and in 20% of cases is driven by mutations in EGFR and ALK. Gridelli et al. describe the epidemiology, pathophysiology and state-of-the-art in diagnosis and management.
Cystic fibrosis is caused by mutations in cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), which encodes a transmembrane ion channel on epithelial cells. Many therapies are under investigation to treat patients with cystic fibrosis, including ion channel modulators and gene therapy.
Cystic fibrosis is caused by mutations in cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), which encodes a transmembrane ion channel on epithelial cells. Here, Ratjen et al. highlight that, although CFTR dysfunction affects many organs, lung disease is responsible for the vast majority of morbidity and mortality.
Activation of blood coagulation in veins leads to thrombosis. Deep-vein thrombosis is often asymptomatic and only becomes apparent when its consequences, such as pulmonary embolism and breathlessness, occur. In this PrimeView, we summarize the key points of the associated Primer.
Venous thrombosis and its potentially debilitating or even fatal consequences can pose diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. Here, Mackman and colleagues discuss not only the clinical implications of thrombosis but also new insights into thrombogenesis and how to inhibit this process.
Spina bifida is a congenital disorder characterized by failed closure (primary neurulation) or formation (secondary neurulation) of the neural tube, resulting in abnormalities of the vertebral column and/or spinal cord. This PrimeView discusses the risk factors for spina bifida, including myelomeningocele — the most common and disabling form.
Spina bifida is a congenital disorder caused by failed closure of the neural tube, which leads to sensory, motor and cognitive dysfunction. Copp et al. discuss the prevalence and pathogenesis of spina bifida, as well as preventive actions, diagnostic methods and treatment options.
Huntington disease is an autosomal dominant neurological disorder caused by mutation in HTT. As illustrated here, the disease typically manifests in adulthood and is characterized by progressive motor, cognitive and behavioural impairment.
Melanoma is one of the most common cancers in the West, and the research arena is bustling; advances in immunotherapy and genomics are reflected in the increasing survival of patients. These advances are summarized in this PrimeView.
Menopause is the age-related (primary) or iatrogenic (secondary) loss of female reproductive function. Menopausal women are at increased risk for many conditions including cardiovascular disease, osteoporosis and some cancers, by mechanisms that are not yet fully understood.
Nature Reviews Disease Primers will cover 'classic' diseases, consequences of ageing, behavioural conditions, developmental disorders and nutritional deficiencies — all of which have important consequences for human health.
Systemic sclerosis is an autoimmune disease characterized by vasculopathy-induced fibrosis of the skin and organs that can be life-threatening. This PrimeView summarizes the mechanisms underlying the condition, how patients are diagnosed and the quality of life of patients.
Melanoma is one of the most common cancers in the West, and the research arena is bustling; advances in immunotherapy and genomics are reflected in the increasing survival of patients. This Primer summarizes these developments and discusses the challenges ahead.
Huntington disease is an autosomal dominant neurological disorder caused by mutation in HTT. The disease typically manifests in adulthood and is characterized by progressive motor, cognitive and behavioural impairment. This Primer discusses the current knowledge of this disease.
Systemic sclerosis is an autoimmune disease characterized by vasculopathy-induced fibrosis of the skin and organs that can be life-threatening. Varga and colleagues describe the current views of pathogenesis and treatment, and present an outlook for the future.
Menopause is the age-related loss of female reproductive function. Here, Davis et al. describe menopause physiology and its impact on women's health. They call for more research to understand the basic biology underlying this transition and to develop new therapies.
