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A study using advanced single-cell technologies has broadened our understanding of the diversity and complexity of brain endothelial cells by uncovering new endothelial subtypes and transcriptional patterns. These findings offer insights into potential therapeutic targets and emphasize the need for further research on vascular lineages and neurovascular interactions.
In this Review, the authors describe the bidirectional crosstalk between lysosome biology and immune cell function and polarization, focusing on immunometabolic reprogramming in the context of atherosclerosis and highlighting knowledge gaps and potential therapeutic strategies targeting immune cell lysosomes.
Data from the HELIOS-B trial show that RNA interference with vutrisiran reduces the risk of death and recurrent cardiovascular events in patients with transthyretin amyloidosis with cardiomyopathy.
In patients with heart failure and secondary mitral valve regurgitation, transcatheter edge-to-edge repair is non-inferior to mitral valve surgery with respect to a composite of death, hospitalization for heart failure, reintervention, implantation of an assist device or stroke at 1 year after the procedure, according to findings from the MATTERHORN trial.
In the NOTION-3 trial, percutaneous coronary intervention reduced the occurrence of major adverse cardiac events compared with conservative treatment in patients who were undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation for severe aortic stenosis and who had stable coronary artery disease.
The non-steroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist finerenone reduces the risk of adverse outcomes in patients with heart failure with mildly reduced ejection fraction or with preserved ejection fraction, according to findings presented at the ESC Congress 2024.
A single combined measurement of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, LDL-cholesterol and lipoprotein(a) levels in plasma predicts incident cardiovascular events among women over a 30-year follow-up period, according to a new study.
Cardiomyocytes can activate the type I interferon response in the infarct border zone after myocardial infarction, indicating that the type I interferon pathway, in addition to its well-established role in antiviral responses, is also involved in cardiac injury.
New research suggests that the presence of clonal haematopoiesis is unidirectionally associated with the development of atherosclerosis and that colchicine holds potential therapeutic value.
The gut microbiota has emerged as a risk factor that affects thrombotic phenotypes in several cardiovascular diseases. In this Review, Reinhardt and colleagues discuss the link between the gut microbiota, its metabolites and thromboembolic diseases, and summarize potential therapeutic interventions to modulate the gut microbiota.
Genetic testing for inherited cardiac disease has become part of routine clinical care. In this Review, Verdonschot et al. provide an overview of the reproductive options in the context of monogenic cardiac diseases, with a focus on preimplantation genetic testing, to prepare health-care professionals for discussions with their patients.
In this Review, Shi and co-workers summarize the available evidence on the role of eosinophils in cardiovascular diseases, highlighting differences between preclinical and clinical findings and placing clinical data in the context of experimental data to discuss potential pathogenic or protective roles of eosinophils in different cardiovascular disease settings.
The immune response is not unlike a game of chess, with white and black pieces playing opposing roles and orchestrating an opening, a middle and an endgame of innate immunity, adaptive immunity and resolution, respectively. After decades of research, the study of atheroimmunology has brought the first therapeutics to the clinic. Can we resynchronize the immune system in atherosclerosis and save the king?
The pathophysiology of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) remains poorly understood. In this Review, Redfield and colleagues highlight the importance of studying human cardiac tissue in HFpEF, discuss sources, challenges and methods for studying human myocardial samples, summarize pathophysiological insights derived from studies of human myocardium in HFpEF and outline knowledge gaps to guide future research.
Acute ischaemic stroke induces persistent innate immune memory through epigenetic changes in myeloid progenitors in the bone marrow, and this innate immune training contributes to cardiac remodelling and dysfunction in the long term, according to a new study.
In this Review, Ghofrani and colleagues discuss the mechanisms underlying the development of pulmonary arterial hypertension, provide an overview of approved therapies and describe the predominantly non-vasodilatory drugs that are currently being tested in clinical trials.
Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC), precipitated by the unique milieu of population growth, rapid urbanization, socioeconomic disparities and prevalent cardiometabolic risk factors. Brant and colleagues summarize trends in cardiometabolic health in LAC and discuss tailored, innovative solutions to address the growing burden of disease in the region.
In this Review, Touyz and colleagues discuss the role of reactive oxygen species in the pathophysiology of hypertension, focusing on the mechanisms of reactive oxygen species generation and oxidative stress in hypertension, as well as the alterations in redox signalling. They also discuss potential therapeutic strategies for targeting oxidative stress in hypertension.
A new study indicates that proteins in the sarcomere complex are stochastically removed and degraded and are replaced by newly translated proteins. Sarcomere turnover occurs at a similar rate within cardiomyocytes and across the heart and slows with ageing.
