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Cytotoxic CD8+ T cells specific for the cardiac protein α-myosin heavy chain have a key role in immune-checkpoint-inhibitor-associated myocarditis, according to a study published in Nature.
In patients with paroxysmal, untreated atrial fibrillation (AF), first-line cryoballoon ablation is associated with a lower incidence of persistent AF compared with antiarrhythmic drug therapy, according to the 3-year follow-up data from the EARLY-AF trial.
In patients with chronic limb-threatening ischaemia who had an adequate conduit for vein bypass, bypass surgery is associated with fewer adverse events or deaths than an endovascular procedure, according to findings from the BEST-CLI trial.
The IRONMAN trial adds further support to the known benefits of intravenous iron therapy in patients with heart failure (HF) with reduced ejection fraction and iron deficiency, but narrowly misses the primary end point of hospitalization for HF and cardiovascular death.
Pemafibrate, a selective PPARα modulator, lowers plasma triglyceride levels but does not reduce the rate of major adverse cardiovascular events in patients already treated with optimal statin therapy, according to data from the PROMINENT trial.
Olpasiran, a small interfering RNA (siRNA) that reduces lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)) production in the liver, administered every 12 weeks induces a pronounced and sustained decrease in the plasma levels of Lp(a) in patients with established atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, according to findings from the OCEAN(a)-DOSE trial.
Some clinical observations suggest that female patients are more susceptible to myocarditis induced by immune-checkpoint-inhibitor therapies. A new study recapitulates this female predisposition in mice and provides mechanistic and biological plausibility, and suggests that hormone therapy could help to treat myocarditis by promoting the expression of MANF, a protein related to the unfolded protein response.
Alternative strategies for defibrillation improve outcomes in patients with refractory ventricular fibrillation, according to findings from the DOSE VF trial.
According to the TIME trial, patients can take standard antihypertensive medications either in the morning or in the evening, because the timing of therapy has no significant effect on major cardiovascular outcomes.
A synthetic Ganoderma meroterpene derivative protects against obesity-associated atherosclerosis in mice by increasing the abundance of the gut commensal bacterium Parabacteroides merdae and increasing branched-chain amino acid degradation.
Coagulation factor XI, a liver-derived protein, has a cardioprotective role in the setting of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction that is distinct from its role in coagulation.
A new study has identified a scavenger receptor-independent mechanism of atherosclerosis development by showing that LDL uptake through macropinocytosis contributes to macrophage foam cell formation and atherosclerosis development and that an FDA-approved drug that inhibits macropinocytosis inhibits atherosclerosis development in mice.
The addition of acetazolamide to loop diuretic therapy improves the success of decongestion in patients with acute decompensated heart failure and volume overload.
A new meta-analysis indicates that statin therapy causes a small excess of mostly mild muscle pain and that this risk is outweighed by the known cardiovascular benefits of treatment.
Among patients in a coma after resuscitation for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, a restrictive versus liberal oxygenation strategy, or a target mean arterial blood pressure of 77 mmHg versus a target of 63 mmHg, did not affect the risk of neurological disability or death.
In the SECURE trial, a polypill containing aspirin, ramipril and atorvastatin taken within 6 months after myocardial infarction reduces the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events compared with usual care.
The addition of acetazolamide to loop diuretic therapy improves the success of decongestion in patients with acute decompensated heart failure and volume overload.
In patients with heart failure (HF) with mildly reduced or preserved ejection fraction, the SGLT2 inhibitor dapagliflozin reduces the risk of worsening HF or cardiovascular death by 18%, reduces total HF events and cardiovascular deaths by 23% and improves HF symptoms, according to findings from the DELIVER trial.
