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The usual light conditions used in laboratories fail to mimic natural conditions. Here, by slightly modifying red/far-red ratios and temperature dynamics, the authors are able to faithfully reproduce natural spring flowering times and variation of the FT gene.
N-linked glycosylation is processed in the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi for eukaryotic proteins. Now, a single Golgi-localized UDP-N-acetyl-d-glucosamine transporter was identified to be essential for the processing of protein N-glycosylation and the synthesis of GlcNAc-containing sphingolipids.
FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC) is a central floral repressor in Arabidopsis, whose expression is vernalization-responsive and controlled by a plant-specific scaffold protein FRIGIDA (FRI). Now, the detailed mechanism of FRI-controlled FLC transcription is elucidated.
Vegetable oils are used in cooking, manufacturing and supplying biofuel. Now, researchers have identified two new fatty acids in the seed oil of a Brassicaceae species whose biosynthesis involves an unprecedented fatty acid hydroxylation pathway.
The origin and regulatory roles of isopentenyl phosphate (IP) in plant terpenoid metabolism remain unclear. Now, a study reports the enzymes for IP production and shows that these enzymes can be used to manipulate terpene production.
The circadian clock involves daily variations in transcription of a set of core genes. Here, the authors show that oscillations in free calcium concentration, read by calmodulin-like proteins, regulate the clock and are part of this complex mechanism.
SNC1 is an intracellular NLR immune receptor controlled by the E3 ubiquitin ligase SCFCPR1. A reverse genetic screen in Arabidopsis identified three clustered NLR partners of SNC1 named SIKICs, which are themselves regulated by novel E3 ubiquitin ligases MUSE1 and MUSE2.
Two opposite processes control the size of the protective root cap in Arabidopsis during growth: cell division and shedding of old cells layers (sloughing). Here, the authors show the role of a receptor–ligand pair in this regulation.
How can cells differentiate into different types? Here, the authors identify the minimal requirement (the SHR transcription factor and the CIF2 peptide) in Arabidopsis roots to transform an epidermis cell into an endodermis cell.
Chloroplast translation is critical for chloroplast biogenesis. The degree of conservation and divergence of chloroplast translation among different plant species is still enigmatic. Now, a targeted ribosome-profiling approach was applied in three model plants to tackle this problem.
The vascular cambium is a lateral meristem that is particularly active during secondary growth. Here, several signalling pathways (peptide, receptor, auxin and cytokinin) are linked together to explain how vascular development is regulated.
NLR immune receptors recognize pathogen effectors and activate a response that leads to resistance. The specific interactions between five rice receptor variants and their cognate effectors are studied by solving the structures of the complexes.
During the cell cycle, BUB3 acts in spindle assembly checkpoint control. In plants, it is also involved in phragmoplast formation, interacting with microtubule-associated proteins to coordinate the expansion of the phragmoplast microtubule array.
The genomes of two fern species, Azolla filiculoides and Salvinia cucullata, are reported and provide insights into fern-specific whole-genome duplications, fern-specific insect-resistant gene evolution and fern–cyanobacterial symbiosis.
Anther dehiscence is necessary for pollen dispersal and the following pollination process. Now, a molecular framework that regulates local auxin biosynthesis at the late stages of anther development has been elucidated to coordinate anther dehiscence in rice.
A high-quality reference genome of rose is generated by sequencing a doubled haploid line. The researchers analysed the genome structure and uncovered candidate genes associated with major ornamental traits through integrated genetic and genomic analyses.
RNA G-quadruplex is a secondary RNA structure formed by G-rich sequences. Now a zinc-finger protein has been identified to target the G-quadruplex motifs of two key factors in phloem differentiation, leading to a new translational regulatory pathway.
All flowers eventually die. Stigma in Arabidopsis flowers can only be pollinated for a limited amount of time. Two NAC transcription factors named KIRA1 and ORESARA1 control cell death in papilla cells, as well as the stigma life span.
Study over 18 years of nearly 50,000 children in New Zealand, measuring the impact of vegetation diversity on the incidence and prevalence of childhood asthma. An increase in the diversity of vegetation in a child’s residential neighbourhood is associated with a lower risk of developing asthma.
Embryo development is a critical stage and is influenced by hormones. Here, it is shown that gibberellins promote embryonic axis elongation through an interaction between DELLA proteins and transcription factor LEC1, which induces auxin biosynthesis.