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The electrophoretic mobilities of ions in membranes made of subnanometre carbon nanotubes are approximately three times higher than the bulk values, and the induced electro-osmotic velocities are four orders of magnitude faster than those measured in conventional porous materials.
Photoluminescence microscopy can be used to image exciton quenching in semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes during the early stages of chemical doping.
Arrays of vertical silicon nanowires can record and stimulate neuronal activity from within mammalian nerve cells, and can also map multiple individual synaptic connections between these cells.