Skip to main content

Thank you for visiting nature.com. You are using a browser version with limited support for CSS. To obtain the best experience, we recommend you use a more up to date browser (or turn off compatibility mode in Internet Explorer). In the meantime, to ensure continued support, we are displaying the site without styles and JavaScript.

  • Commentary
  • Published:

Report the awful truth!

Negative and null results are routinely produced across all scientific disciplines, but rarely get reported. The key to combat the biases arising from this mismatch lies in disseminating all details about a work, rather than just positive results.

This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution

Relevant articles

Open Access articles citing this article.

Access options

Buy this article

Prices may be subject to local taxes which are calculated during checkout

Figure 1: A competitive research environment might increase the positive-outcome bias.

References

  1. Fröhlich, G. in Der unendliche Prozeβ der Zivilisation (eds Kuzmics, H. & Mörth, I.) 95–111 (Campus Verlag, 1991).

    Google Scholar 

  2. Rosenthal, R. Psychol. Bull. 86, 638–641 (1979).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Fanelli, D. PLoS ONE 5, e10068 (2010).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Howard, G. S. et al. Rev. Gen. Psychol. 13, 146–166 (2009).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Jennions, M. D. & Møller, A. P. Biol. Rev. 77, 211–222 (2002).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Schooler, J. Nature 470, 437 (2011).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Jennions, M. D. & Møller, A. P. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. 269, 43–48 (2002).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Ioannides, J. P. A. J. Am. Med. Assoc. 294, 218–228 (2005).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Song, F. et al. Health Technol. Assess. 14, 1–193 (2010).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Turner, E. H. CNS Drugs 27, 457–468 (2013).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Dwan, K., Gamble, C., Williamson, P. R. & Kirkham, J. J. PLoS ONE 8, e66844 (2013).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Bailey, C. S. et al. Can. J. Surg. 54, 321–326 (2011).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Fanelli, D. & Ioannides, J. P. A. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 10, 15031–15306 (2013).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Wernerova, M. & Hudlicky, T. Synlett 18, 2701–2707 (2010).

    Google Scholar 

  15. Heydermann, L. J., Kläui, M., Rothman, J., Caz, C. A. F. & Bland, J. A. C. J. Appl. Phys. 93, 7349–7351 (2003).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Fanelli, D. Scientometrics 94, 701–709 (2013).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Gumpenberger, C. et al. Scientometrics 95, 277–297 (2013).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. De Winter, J. & Happee, R. PLoS ONE 6, e66463 (2013).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Fröhlich, G. in Knoweledge Management und Kommunikationssysteme, Workflow Management, Multimedia, Knowledge Transfer Proc. 6th Int. Symp. for Information Sci. (eds Zimmermann, H. H. & Schramm, V.) 535–549 (UVK Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, 1998).

    Google Scholar 

  20. Fanelli, D. PLoS ONE 5, e10271 (2010).

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Leonie Mueck.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Mueck, L. Report the awful truth!. Nature Nanotech 8, 693–695 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1038/nnano.2013.204

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/nnano.2013.204

This article is cited by

Search

Quick links

Nature Briefing

Sign up for the Nature Briefing newsletter — what matters in science, free to your inbox daily.

Get the most important science stories of the day, free in your inbox. Sign up for Nature Briefing