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Exploratory analyses of the DESTINY-Gastric01 trial show that baseline HER2-associated biomarkers in circulating tumor DNA or tissue samples were associated with therapeutic response in patients with HER2-positive tumors, and these analyses identify potential drivers of resistance.
Data from pediatric populations with neurodevelopmental disorders, obtained through a combinatorial strategy of literature review scoping and in-patient appointments, were used to construct a Phenomics Aggregation Database (PhenomAD-NDD) that can aid clinical diagnosis of comorbidities.
Cognitive variability with age has been examined in 21,051 recallable volunteers and has highlighted a potential role of microglia and glycogen metabolism in the individual differences in general cognitive ability.
Interim results from the low-dose cohort of the PROCLAIM trial show that AAV-based delivery of the progranulin gene in patients with frontotemporal dementia was safe and was associated with increased CSF progranulin.
Dapagliflozin improved a hierarchical composite outcome, including death, a worsening kidney disease event, and estimated glomerular filtration rate slope, compared with placebo, in patients with heart failure. This hierarchical outcome — analyzed with win statistics — might provide the statistical power to evaluate the effect of treatments on kidney function in heart failure trials.
In an era of expanding perioperative approaches for resectable non–small-cell lung cancer, new data demonstrate that dual neoadjuvant immunotherapy targeting PD-1 and LAG-3 is feasible; future analyses may enhance patient selection by identifying immune signatures predictive of response.
Enzymes produced by Akkermansia muciniphila generated group O blood by degrading A and B antigens, which could help solve blood donor shortages in the future.
A two-step, video-based deep learning model is developed to first screen for cardiac anomalies using noncontrast magnetic resonance imaging, followed by diagnosis of 11 types of cardiovascular disease using gadolinium enhancement-based imaging.
In a prospective observational study, symptoms of anxiety and/or depression were associated with worse response to first-line treatment with immunotherapy in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer.
Genome-wide analyses of vaccine antibody responses in 2,499 infants from Uganda, South Africa and Burkina Faso identify associations between specific HLA genes and response to eight vaccines, providing insights that could be considered for population-adjusted vaccine design strategies.
A prespecified analysis of the SELECT trial revealed that patients assigned to once-weekly subcutaneous semaglutide 2.4 mg lost significantly more weight than those receiving placebo and showed improvements in various anthropometric indices.
This Review outlines the state of the art of artificial intelligence in the preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative settings, where it has enormous potential to improve patient outcomes, surgical education and system efficiencies.
Using single-cell RNA and T cell receptor sequencing along with microscopy, we identified the cell types and genes associated with immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy-related colitis. Our study will help to identify targets for early diagnosis and lays the groundwork for the development of safer immunotherapy regimens.
Final results of two studies — whose preliminary data led to regulatory approval of the gene therapy exagamglogene autotemcel — describe highly effective treatment of sickle-cell disease and transfusion-dependent β-thalassemia.
Single-cell multi-omic analysis of 300,000 cells from 29 patients representing peripheral immune cells and colon mucosal immune, epithelial and mesenchymal cells reveals crosstalk between circulating and tissue-resident immune cells with epithelial cells in checkpoint inhibitor colitis and identifies potential therapeutic targets.
Large language models can translate the archaic language of pharmacy prescriptions into plain English, but reducing medication errors for patients will require interventions that go further.
A pilot study suggests that the bispecific T cell engager blinatumomab may provide a new therapy for patients with refractory rheumatoid arthritis; larger studies and deep phenotyping will be crucial to thoroughly evaluate and optimize this approach.
The lay summary of trial results to be provided to participants should be written in plain language, use infographics and be concise — something that currently is almost never achieved.
The World Health Organization framework for tracking SARS-CoV-2 variants has been updated to reflect the continued evolution of the virus; this framework could be adapted for other emerging respiratory diseases with epidemic and pandemic potential.