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Gene expression microarray data on each individual in a pedigree or from an experimental cross enable the identification of the genetic determinants of variation in gene expression. Three new studies apply this approach to rodent recombinant inbred lines and provide new insights into the nature of variation in gene expression and its connection to disease.
Proving that aberrant CpG island methylation has a functional role in human tumorigenesis is a chief goal in cancer epigenomics. A study now shows that a predictable mouse model of acute lymphocytic leukemia faithfully recapitulates the pattern, targets and frequency of aberrant methylation observed in its human counterpart and may soon allow the timing, and perhaps even the cause, of aberrant CpG island methylation to be investigated.
The mechanism by which cytosine methylation stably represses transcription is of great interest. A new study provides evidence associating DNA methylation, MeCP2 and the SWI/SNF chromatin-remodeling factor, implicating local chromatin architecture in DNA methylation–dependent transcriptional repression.
Like most organisms, yeast has relatively few genes that are necessary for viability. The presence of a duplicate gene elsewhere in the genome underpins many cases of dispensability. A new study suggests that the backup mechanism is more complex than previously assumed and requires feedback loops that ensure transcriptional upregulation of the duplicate.
Dynamins are dynamic scaffolding proteins that function in membrane trafficking. A new study shows that mutations in the gene encoding dynamin 2 underlie a distinct form of peripheral neuropathy, establishing the first link between dynamins and human disease.