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Letter

Nature Genetics 38, 468–473 (1 April 2006) | doi:10.1038/ng1768

Genetic clonal diversity predicts progression to esophageal adenocarcinoma

Carlo C Maley , Patricia C Galipeau , Jennifer C Finley , V Jon Wongsurawat , Xiaohong Li , Carissa A Sanchez , Thomas G Paulson , Patricia L Blount , Rosa-Ana Risques , Peter S Rabinovitch & Brian J Reid

Neoplasms are thought to progress to cancer through genetic instability generating cellular diversity and clonal expansions driven by selection for mutations in cancer genes. Despite advances in the study of molecular biology of cancer genes, relatively little is known about evolutionary mechanisms that drive neoplastic progression.