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Early-life trauma is a risk factor for binge eating and obesity later in life. Shin et al. identify a hypothalamus–brainstem circuit in mice that underlies the early-life trauma-induced binge-like consumption of high-fat diet and obesity-prone characteristics.
Humphrey et al. analyzed genetic and gene expression data from the postmortem spinal cords of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), observing changes in cell type composition and highlighting new risk genes.
Model-based analysis of learning and neural activity in mice trained to find reward in both a spatial, navigational context and a relational, non-navigational context revealed dissociable contributions of hippocampus depending upon spatial context.
Yu et al. show that at least two distinct serotonergic DRN-to-BA pathways are involved in different aspects of anxiety-related behaviors via different molecular mechanisms.
Karpf et al. showed that distinct layers of the adult human and mouse DG are populated by astrocytes, which exhibit a subtype-specific molecular profile and morphology, leading to subtype-specific physiological characteristics.
Using dual-color mesoscopic imaging in the neocortex of awake mice, the authors show that cholinergic release and neuronal activity exhibit distinct spatiotemporal patterns that are differentially linked to spontaneous fluctuations in behavioral state.
Cichon et al. show that ketamine induces a switch in the active population of excitatory neurons across cortical layers and regions that contributes to impairments in sensory processing characteristic of a dissociative-like state.
Zambusi, Novoselc et al. show that granulin-mediated clearance of cytoplasmic TDP-43+ condensates and lipid droplets in injury-activated microglia is required for their return to the homeostatic state and successful brain regeneration.
Chiou et al. provide a multiregion bulk (N = 527 samples) and single-nucleus (N = 24 samples) brain transcriptional dataset encompassing 15 brain regions and both sexes in a unique population of free-ranging, behaviorally phenotyped rhesus macaques.
Zhu et al. develop a deep learning method to precisely infer single-trial neural dynamics from calcium imaging with subframe temporal resolution, which shows improvement over the state-of-the-art methods in capturing high-frequency dynamics and predicting behavior.
Liu and colleagues show that REM sleep in mice can be divided into two distinct substages and that the RSC dictates global cortical dynamics during sleep and plays a role in regulating transitions between REM sleep substages.
The authors summarize changes in circuits after spinal cord injury and current strategies to target these circuits in order to improve recovery, but also advocate for new concepts of reorganizing circuits informed by multi-omic single-cell atlases.
Motor planning can improve performance but can also lead to premature actions. The authors show that the anterior lateral motor cortex plays an important role in impulsive behavior by encoding and influencing premature motor output.
Using chronic neural recordings, the authors show that long-term stability in both skilled and natural behaviors is associated with stable single neuron activity patterns in relevant motor circuits.