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In this Review, Villeda and colleagues describe blood-to-brain communication from a systems physiology perspective, with an emphasis on blood-derived signals as potent drivers of both age-related brain dysfunction and brain rejuvenation.
The authors established a method to map RNA localization sequences (zipcodes) and identified the let-7 site and AU repeat as new zipcodes in primary cortical neurons.
The authors show that action value modulates motivation to perform a decision-making task more strongly in females than in males. Anterior cingulate cortex neurons that project to the striatum contribute to this sex difference.
A computational model predicts coordinated drift of neural receptive fields during noisy representation learning and recapitulates experimental observations in the posterior parietal cortex and hippocampal CA1.
Activity in a neural population arises from both its inputs and its recurrent connections. Here the authors show that analyzing the dynamics of trial-to-trial variability in activity can offer insights into delineating these contributions.
van Lengerich et al. developed a human TREM2 antibody with a transport vehicle (ATV) that improves brain exposure and biodistribution in mouse models. ATV:TREM2 promotes microglial energetic capacity and metabolism via mitochondrial pathways.
Craving is a core characteristic of drug addiction and eating disorders. A new study identifies an fMRI-based neural signature of craving that is common to both food and drugs, predicts self-reported craving, distinguishes drug users from non-users, and tracks the efficacy of a cognitive therapy technique to reduce craving.
Sounds evoke activity in visual cortex. Bimbard et al. find that this activity is stereotyped across cells, not specific to visual cortex, independent of inputs from auditory cortex and predicted by stereotyped movements elicited by the sounds.
Mice were trained to discriminate objects using their whiskers. The geometry of the neural representations recorded in somatosensory cortex was disentangled with small non-linear perturbations, allowing for generalization and flexibility.
MVA-CoV2-S vaccination confers full protection against SARS-CoV-2 neuroinvasion in humanized mice, preventing brain viral replication and the associated neuronal and vascular damage, even after SARS-CoV-2 reinfection.
Single-cell genomics reveal that Alzheimer’s dementia involves the complex interplay of virtually every major brain cell type. Cell-type-specific molecular perturbations modulate signaling pathways related to lipid handling, immune signaling and metabolic reprogramming.