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Type Ia supernovae are thought to result from the explosion of white dwarf stars but a full understanding of their formation is lacking. In this review, Howell describes how large surveys are generating sufficient data to challenge and refine existing theories.
Biofouling, or the unwanted growth of biological organisms, is a particular problem in marine environments. This review considers recent advances in the development of environmentally friendly coatings to combat biofouling of submerged surfaces.
Gravitational waves are predicted by general relativity, but their direct observation from astronomical sources hinges on large improvements in detection sensitivity. The authors review how squeezed light and other quantum optical concepts are being applied in the development of next generation interferometric detectors.
Biologically active molecules can be identified through the screening of small-molecule libraries, but compound collections typically consist of large numbers of structurally similar compounds. Gallowayet al. review how diversity-oriented synthesis can efficiently generate structurally diverse compound libraries.
Many of the worlds' plants and trees have a symbiotic relationship with micorrhizal fungi, which associate with their roots. This review describes how new technologies have aided our understanding of the mechanisms that regulate these plant–fungi interactions.
