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Disentangling how evolutionary history and environmental adaptation shape metabolic phenotypes is an open problem, especially for microbes whose phenotypes cannot be determined directly and are inferred from genomic information. Here, Ramon & Stelling propose sensitivity correlations to quantify similarity of predicted metabolic network responses to perturbations, and link genotype and environment to phenotype for 245 bacterial species.
Manipulation of Janus particles is challenging and has limited precision. Here, the authors propose manipulation of Janus particles by optical forces in the evanescent field of an optical nanofiber, and demonstrate that they exhibit strong transverse localization on the nanofiber and much faster propulsion compared to all-dielectric particles of the same size.
The heat dome explains about 55% of the 2021 Western North American high temperatures. The intensity of heat extremes associated with such circulations are increasing faster than background global warming due to soil moisture feedbacks.
Hydroxyl-carboxylic acid receptor 2 (HCA2) functions as a high-affinity receptor for nicotinic acid (vitamin B3). Here, authors report the cryo-EM structure of the HCA2-Gi complex with the agonist MK-6892 and inactive state crystal structures of mutation stabilized HCA2, to describe the mechanism of HCA2 signaling.
Generation of water as a byproduct in chemical reactions is often detrimental because it lowers the yield of the target product. Here, a thermally rearranged polybenzoxazole membrane has been developed, allowing for selective removal of water in chemical reactions.
Efferocytosis inhibition leads to the release of immunogenic contents into the tumor microenvironment. Here the authors developed a nanosystem that inhibits MerTK-mediated efferocytosis and captures tumor-associated agents to enhance antitumour immunity.
Electrophilic borylation of sterically hindered arenes is a challenging transformation. Here, authors report a metal-free electrophilic C–H borylation of hindered arenes using a boron cluster reagent producing valuable aryl boronic esters.
A 500 kyr long record of vegetation change from SE Europe demonstrates that forest resilience is lost when precipitation decreases below a threshold limit, and highlights the vulnerability of Mediterranean forests to near-future climate change
Nanomedicine is important in cancer therapy, but loading, drug release, and therapeutic effectiveness issues limit the translation to the clinic. Here, authors report a full-API nanodrug with an ideal API content and pH-responsive release for continuous spatiotemporal cancer therapy based on PpIX-heme-CO/Fe2+/BV-BR metabolic pathway.
Electrochemical aptamer-based sensors typically exhibit limited sensitivity especially when the area of electrode is reduced for miniaturization. Here, the authors demonstrate electrochemical transistors as universal on-site amplifiers for enhancement in sensitivity of over 3 orders of magnitude.
Pure organic room-temperature phosphorescencent materials draw much attention but realising electroluminescence under electric excitation is challenging. Here the authors propose a donor-oxygen-acceptor molecular design realizing aggregation-induced organic room-temperature electrophosphorescence with high external quantum efficiency.
AMPA receptors associated with TARP subunits enable the development of selective AMPA receptor drugs. Here, the authors provide cryo-EM structures of receptors bound to three TARP-γ8 selective drugs, and reveal bifunctionality of one ligand.
The progression of oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) from early to advanced stages requires comprehensive molecular characterisation. Here, the authors perform a proteogenomics analysis of ESCC patient samples across nine histopathological stages and three phases, identifying key alterations and paths for progression.
Little is known about the synaptic organization of associative cortical structures such as the medial prefrontal cortex. Here, the authors use two-photon optogenetic stimulation to obtain a detailed cellular resolution map of functional synaptic connectivity of the mouse medial prefrontal cortex, finding unique spatial patterns of local-circuit connectivity in neurons that project to the basolateral amygdala.
This study identifies the rapidness of marine mineral reactions, directly after an extreme rainfall event. The reactions have the potential to affect marine cation and CO2 cycling, impacting element turnover on human time scales
Large-scale disease-association data are widely used for pathomechanism mining, even if disease definitions used for annotation are mostly phenotype-based. Here, the authors show that this bias can lead to a blurred view on disease mechanisms, highlighting the need for close-up studies based on molecular data for well-characterized patient cohorts.
Here, the authors present an expanded version of the Cultivated Genome Reference (CGR), termed CGR2, a catalog that includes 3324 high-quality draft genomes based on gut bacterial isolates from Chinese individuals, and classifies 527 species from 8 phyla, including 179 previously unidentified species, and provides information of secondary metabolite biosynthetic gene clusters and gut phage-bacteria interactions.
In this perspective, the authors hypothesise that glial senescence, requiring senescent microglia burden, perpetuates further aging, Alzheimer’s pathologies, and senescence. Increasing glial senescence is proposed as necessary to drive individuals from healthy cognition into cognitive decline and dementia.
The 20 proteinogenic amino acids cannot always satisfy the requirements of protein engineering. Here, the authors practice semi-rational non-canonical amino acid mutagenesis for a cytochrome P450 enzyme, leading to unnatural activities and significant mechanistic insights.
High hyperdiploid acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (HeH ALL) is driven by nonrandom chromosomal gains, which have been suggested to arise early - even before birth. Here, the authors use single-cell whole genome sequencing and in silico modelling to show that HeH ALL aneuploidies could originate early and follow punctuated evolution.
