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The influenza virus neuraminidase has been well documented, yet the functions of mammalian neuraminidases remain less explored. Here, the authors show that neuraminidase 1 promotes renal fibrosis development by interacting with ALK5 to activate SMAD2/3.
Electro-optic modulators can be useful for imaging, sensing and information processing applications. Here the authors demonstrate an ultra-low drive voltage visible to near infrared range electro-optic modulator in the form of amplitude and phase modulation using thin-film lithium niobate.
Male meiosis relies on canonical centrosomes for spindle formation, but how this differs from acentrosomal oocyte meiosis is unclear. Here they show that spindle formation in sperm relies on DYNLRB2, similar to the activity of DYNLRB1 in mitotic cells.
Bacterial pathogens have evolved intricate mechanisms to evade the human immune system, including the production of immunomodulatory enzymes. Here, the authors establish the mechanisms of recognition and specific deglycosylation of IgG antibodies by the multi-modular enzymes EndoS and EndoS2
The authors have combined direct stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy with expansion microscopy to describe the 3-dimensional molecular organization of centriolar distal appendages.
The application of two-photon lithography has been limited by the low writing speed. The authors reported a multi-focus improved lithography platform that employs up to 2000 laser foci to perform parallel fabrication with 90 nm resolution via optimised polymerisation and single-pulse printing strategy.
The development of mixed-matrix membranes is especially challenging when highly permeable materials are used. Here the authors present a molecular soldering strategy featuring multifunctional polyphenols in tailored polymer chains, well-designed hollow MOF structures, and defect-free interfaces to break the permeability-selectivity trade-off limit.
The timing of NAD + supply determines its efficacy to treat metabolic disease. Here, the authors show that increasing NAD + at the early active phase maximizes weight loss and glucose regulation in mice. NAD + can displace the phase of the liver clock which can cause circadian misalignment.
Understanding the active sites is essential for advanced catalyst design. Here, the authors report a bifunctional mechanism for the methanol electrooxidation reaction using NiMn hydroxide with NiIII and oxygen active sites which work in a cooperative manner to promote either spontaneous or non-spontaneous methanol oxidation.
This study uses reverse-time migration full-waveform seismic imaging to reveal a thinned transition zone and a 1000-km mid-mantle discontinuity under the Pacific near Hawaii which they link to the upper boundary of upwelling plume material.
The PANX2 channel is involved in skin homeostasis and neuronal development, but the molecular basis of channel function remains largely unknown. Here, the authors provide detailed analysis of the structure, function, and pharmacology of human PANX2.
Topological edge states offer the prospect of dissipationless transport for nanoelectronics, but a precise method to spatially engineer such nanoscale conducting channels is still lacking. Here, the authors demonstrate patterning of topological boundary states in Sb2Te3 using a focused ion beam to create amorphous, topologically trivial regions.
One major technological obstacle for membrane-based alkaline water electrolyzer is the inefficient hydrogen evolution reaction. Here, the authors report a platinum/fullerene heterostructure catalyst, which shows enhanced activity for hydrogen production due to the diverse interface between platinum and fullerene.
eIF5A is the only protein known to contain hypusine. Here, the authors present the cryoEM structure of the eIF5A-DHS complex and provide mechanistic insights to understand the deoxyhypusination reaction and hypusination-related neurodegeneration.
The analysis of longitudinal bulk and single-cell multi-omics data is a highly complex task. Here, the authors introduce PALMO, a software platform with five modules to analyse longitudinal bulk and single-cell multi-omics data, which is extensively tested in external datasets that include multiple omics modalities.
Rare but serious cardiac disease side effects have been linked to COVID-19 vaccinations, especially in young people. Here, the authors find very little evidence of an association between vaccination and mortality, except for in females after a non mRNA vaccine, but show an increased risk of death following COVID-19 infection
Escherichia albertii is an emerging gastrointestinal pathogen that causes disease in humans and animals, notably birds. In this genomic epidemiology study, the authors investigate characteristics of isolates sampled from humans and birds in Great Britain and find that they tend to cluster separately.
The authors find that the ciliopathy-associated protein Oral-Facial-Digital syndrome 1 functions as a class II nucleation promoting factor to drive actin filament branching, required for cell cycle progression. Interferring with this function suppresses cancer cell growth.
The signal-to-noise ratio in bioimages is often low, which is problematic for segmentation. Here the authors report a deep learning method, deepflash2, to facilitate the segmentation of ambiguous bioimages through multi-expert annotations and integrated quality assurance.