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Chrysanthemum is an important ornamental species with great economic value. Here, the authors assemble the haploid genome of C. morifolium, reveal its segmental allopolyploid genomic composition (AA’B), and identify candidate genes associated with flower development, petal shape, and flower colour.
Thiosulfate oxidation by microbes has a major impact on global sulfur cycling. Here, Ding et al. provide evidence that bacteria of the Roseobacter group are major thiosulfate-oxidizers in marine biofilms, where anaerobic thiosulfate metabolism is preferred.
Electrochemical coupling of biomass valorization with CO2 conversion provides a promising approach to generate value-added chemicals on both sides. However, bifunctional catalysts are lacking. Here the authors report oxygen-vacancy-rich indium oxyhydroxide as a bifunctional catalyst for CO2 reduction to formate and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural electrooxidation to 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid with faradaic efficiencies for both > 90.0%.
Polyborylated-containing alkenes, hold promise as polymetalated building blocks for a wide variety of organic motifs, biologically-active compounds, and natural product synthesis, though strategies for their stereoselective synthesis are lacking. Here, the authors report concise, highly site-selective, and stereoselective boron-masking strategies for polyborylated alkenes.
A measure of symmetry breaking in a quantum many-body system could provide insight into its dynamics. Ares et al. introduce a subsystem measure of symmetry breaking dubbed entanglement asymmetry and apply it to quantum quench dynamics in spin chains, revealing a quantum analogue of the Mpemba effect.
A MoO3-Fe2O3 redox catalyst with dispersed Mo species on γ-Fe2O3 is synthesized for the oxidative dehydrogenation of propane via chemical looping. Acid sites and lattice oxygen regulation promote the production of and selectivity for propylene.
This study presents a 3,500 km vertical land motion map for the US Atlantic coast, showing that different land covers (from developed areas to wetlands) are losing elevation, with rates up to 3 mm per year.
Solar photoelectrochemical reactions are one of the most promising paths for sustainable energy production, but systems with high efficiency and long-term stability have remained elusive. Here, the authors show a photoelectrode strategy that enables high efficiency and long-term stability.
Here the authors show that Chinstrap penguins play a significant role in iron recycling, essential for phytoplankton growth and carbon sequestration, recycling yearly 521 tonnes of iron, half of what they did 40 years ago due to population decline.
Using scanning tunneling microscopy, the authors observe a short-range checkerboard charge order in the iron-based superconductor (Li0.84Fe0.16OH)Fe1-xSe. They argue that the charge order is likely driven by multiple-Q spin density waves originating from spin fluctuations.
The early Hadean eon (>4Ga) may have had a periodically ice-covered global ocean and limited subaerial landmass, and this could have resulted in infrequent lightning occurrence. This infrequency of lightning may have limited the synthesis of prebiotic compounds necessary for life’s origins. Here I present a hypothesis that lightning associated with volcanic island eruptions created focal points for the generation of prebiotic ingredients and ultimately the origin of life.
Here, the authors show that cell internalization of Engrailed2 not only relies on its homeodomain, but also involves a cationic region which interacts selectively with cell surface heparan sulfates.
The 19 Oct 2020 MW 7.6 Shumagin earthquake involved unprecedented source complexity with two fast ruptures straddling the megathrust and strong tsunami excitation from a long-duration upper plate thrust rupture undetected by seismic and geodetic data.
The levels of a factor secreted by bone marrow stromal cells, KIAA1199, associate with osteoporotic fracture risk. Here, the authors show that KIAA1199 deficiency can lead to enhanced bone formation, accelerated bone healing, and protects from ovariectomy-induced bone loss.
Ru-pyrochlores find their way as alternative anodes of PEM water electrolyzers, and their high performance is owing to Ru sites embedded in RuMnOx surface layers. Here, a water electrolyser with Y2MnRuO7 and only 0.2 mgRu cm−2 has been tested with significant durability.
Aging is associated with a loss of blood stem cell fitness in part due to defects in stem cell-supportive niches. Here, the authors demonstrate that restoring niche function by treatment with Netrin-1 is able to rejuvenate aged blood stem cells.
To achieve efficient photocatalytic non-oxidative methane coupling, a strong polarization environment with abundant activation sites for C-H scissoring is needed. This can be created through the fabrication of high-density frustrated Lewis pairs on lamellar Nb2O5 using a thermal-reduction promoted phase-transition process.
Sea level rise along the U.S. Southeast and Gulf Coast has accelerated since 2010 due to changes in steric expansion and the ocean’s circulation. The acceleration represents the compounding effects of external forcing and natural climate variability.
The observed deep-water overflow transport from the Pacific into the South China Sea has increased by 9% since 2009. This finding may have broad implications for the overturning circulations and biogeochemical processes in this region.
Designing vaccine immunogens is often a tedious process. Here the authors develop a deep mutational scanning-based method to rapidly and comprehensively identify prefusion stabilizing mutations of SARS-CoV-2 spike as a vaccine immunogen.