Thank you for visiting nature.com. You are using a browser version with limited support for CSS. To obtain
the best experience, we recommend you use a more up to date browser (or turn off compatibility mode in
Internet Explorer). In the meantime, to ensure continued support, we are displaying the site without styles
and JavaScript.
Opioid use disorder (OUD) is influenced by genetic and environmental factors. Here, authors use a multi-omics approach to reveal DNA hydroxymethylation as an important gene regulatory mechanism for OUD in the human brain.
Symmetry plays a crucial role in defining the band topology. Here, the authors experimentally demonstrate that spacetime inversion symmetry can lead to Stiefel-Whitney topological charges and protect hinge states in an acoustic nodal-line semimetal.
The mechanisms of the partial reproductive isolation between the two subspecies of rice remains obscure. Here, the authors show that the two adjacent genes form a killer-protector system to induce hybrid male sterility and reproductive isolation between indica and japonica.
Controlling the magnetization of a material is a major goal of spin-based information processing. One extensively studied method is to use spin-currents, generated from charge currents via the spin hall effect, however, the resulting spin polarization is typically limited to in-plane orientations. Here, Hazra et al demonstrate the presence of out-of-plane polarized spin-currents, which arise due to spin swapping at the Mn3Sn/permalloy interface.
Birds exhibit extensive close ecological interactions with flowering plants, but the evolutionary origins of those relationships remain unclear. Plant phytolith analysis of stomach contents of the Early Cretaceous long-tailed bird Jeholornis reveals the earliest example of leaf eating by birds.
Here, the authors use cryo-EM to solve the structures of seven potent human antibodies, and demonstrate in vivo protection in a liver burden assay, using chimeric Plasmodium berghei sporozoites expressing Plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite protein.
Corals living in naturally extreme environments such as mangrove lagoons have been considered as ‘super corals’ for reef conservation. However, this study shows that resistance in highly variable conditions comes with biological trade-offs that could compromise the suitability of these stress-tolerant corals for reef management under worsening climate change conditions.
Macrophages are increasingly recognized as key drivers of lung damage in acute pneumonia including COVID-19. Here, the authors report on a first-in-class, inhalable, carbohydrate-coupled microRNA-inhibitor for selective targeting of macrophages and that prevents pulmonary hyperinflammation.
Here, authors present an approach to assess subnational healthcare quality, leveraging health facility survey data. The method jointly estimates indicators over space and time, and may provide insights to decision-makers and health service program managers.
Wastewater-based epidemiology is increasingly used to predict disease occurrence. Here, the authors use SARS-CoV-2 RNA concentrations in wastewater in machine learning models to predict COVID-19 related hospitalisation in the United States.
Here the authors show in a phase 1 trial that a recombinant subunit vaccine based on the gamma variant of SARS-CoV-2 exhibits a satisfactory safety profile, and induces a broad booster response of neutralizing antibodies and a booster effect on T cell immunity in individuals previously immunized with different SARS-CoV-2 vaccine platforms.
The molecular mechanisms connecting Niemann Pick C1 cholesterol transporter (NPC1) loss to Niemann-Pick Type C neuropathology remain unknown. Here, the authors demonstrate that loss of NPC1 function alters the nanoscale distribution and function of ion channels to promote abnormal calcium entry, mitochondrial dysfunction, and neurotoxicity.
Despite the success of multi-modal foundation models in natural language and vision tasks, their use in medical domains is limited. Here, the authors propose to train a foundation model for chest X-ray diagnosis that combines medical domain knowledge with vision-language representation learning.
Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have shown efficacy against SARS-CoV-2 infection in clinical trials. Here the authors model the dose-response relationship between the dose of mAbs and protection from symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection. Further, the protection is comparable to that achieved by vaccination.
The extent of phosphorylated p38 MAPK is known to determine signaling. Here, the authors show the relative pool of non-phosphorylated p38 MAPK modulates signaling output to control growth, lysosome formation and neuronal integrity during early aging.
Experimental realizations of absolute enantioselection, without chiral catalysis or chiral ingredients, has been challenging. Here, the authors obtain enantioselectivity in mesoscale helical supramolecules consisting only of achiral molecules by exploiting chiral-induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect.
Here, authors introduced negative charges in the transmembrane helices in Kir2.2 channels generating pH-dependent sub-conductances. Molecular dynamics simulations show how protonation results in step-wise alterations of ion pooling and hence conductance, appearing as gated substates.
Glutaredoxin (GLRX) is a key enzyme in redox regulation via oxidation of protein cysteines and its activity is disrupted in diverse human diseases. This study integrates molecular modeling and biochemical validation to provide insights into the mechanisms of oxidative inactivation of GLRX.
The spin degree of freedom is a key intrinsic parameter for carrier dynamics and surface reaction kinetics in photocatalysis. Here, the authors report a chiral zinc oxide with spin selectivity effect. It can effectively induce spin polarization, thereby promoting electron spin-related redox catalysis.
Hydrocarbons are challenging to functionalize. Here, the authors present an electrochemical oxo-functionalization of cyclic alkanes and alkenes to ketones and dicarboxylic acids via mediating nitrate-based supporting electrolyte and molecular oxygen.