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A current challenge in genome editing is delivering Cas9 and sgRNA into target cells. Here the authors engineer a delivery system based on murine leukemia virus-like particles loaded with Cas9-sgRNA ribonucleoproteins to induce efficient genome editing in both cell culture and in vivo in mouse.
DnaB helicases are motor proteins that couple ATP-hydrolysis to the movement of the protein along single-stranded DNA leading to a separation of double-stranded DNA at the replication fork. Here authors use solid-state NMR spectroscopy and reveal DnaB’s conformational responses to ATP hydrolysis and the resulting DNA loading and translocation.
Transposable elements (TEs) fulfill essential but poorly understood roles in genome organization and gene expression control. Here the authors show that the regulation of TEs occurs through overlapping epigenetic mechanisms that control the expression and chromatin signatures at TEs.
The scalability of printable integrated circuits is lagging far behind that of conventional silicon-based technologies. Here, Kwon et al. show a three-dimensional integration approach by stacking printeddual-gate organic transistors on plastic foils with a density of 60 transistors per centimeter square.
Replacing the toxic lead in the state-of-the-art halide perovskite solar cells is highly desired but the device performance and stability are usually compromised. Here Chen et al. develop inorganic cesium tin and germanium mixed-cation perovskites that show high operational stability and efficiency over 7%.
The respiratory system is transformed in terms of functional change at birth to adapt to breathing air. Here, the authors examine the molecular changes behind the first breath in the mouse by Drop-seq based RNA sequencing, identifying activation of the unfolded protein response as a perinatal adaptation of the lung.
The inactive X chromosome (Xi) has an atypical structure, with global loss of TADs, A/B compartments and formation of mega-domains. Here the authors show that the non-canonical SMC family protein, SmcHD1, important for developmental gene silencing on Xi, antagonises TAD formation and compartmentalization on the Xi in a transcription independent way.
Here, the authors fabricate a device that integrates multiple computer-generated holograms into a single colour print. Under white light, a colour image is seen, whereas illumination with a red, green, or blue beam from a handheld laser pointer projects three different holograms onto a distant screen.
CO2 conversion to reduced products provides a use for greenhouse gases, but reaction complexity stymies mechanistic studies. Here, authors present a microkinetic model for CO2 and CO reduction on copper, based on ab initio simulations, to elucidate pH’s impact on competitive reaction pathways.
The contribution of endothelial progenitor cells to tumor angiogenesis is controversial. Here, the authors trace the lineage differentiation of endovascular progenitor cells and demonstrate their functional importance in tumor vascularization and progression.
Label-free molecular-level quantification of MicroRNA (miRNA) remains challenging. Here, the authors develop a new surface plasmon resonance sensor based on two-dimensional nanomaterial of antimonene for the specific label-free detection of clinically relevant biomarkers such as miRNA-21 and miRNA-155.
Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) is a measure of kidney function used to define chronic kidney disease. Here, Morris et al. perform trans-ethnic genome-wide meta-analyses for eGFR in 312,468 individuals and identify novel loci and downstream putative causal genes.
The severity of ulcerative colitis, and response to treatment, is highly variable. Here, the authors examine rectal gene expression signatures and faecal microbiomes of children and adults with the disease and provide new insights in to pathogenesis.
There is increasing evidence that the seismicity of large Himalayan earthquakes can be bimodal, but the underlying mechanisms are unclear. Here, the authors present a model and show that the bimodal seismicity results from a relatively higher friction and a non-planar geometry of the Himalayan megathrust.
Phenylalanine is mostly synthesized in plant plastids, but cytosolic transamination of phenylpyruvate also contributes. Here the authors show that a cytosolic chorismate mutase and a prephenate dehydratase encoded by an isoform of the plastidial ADT3 enzyme, produce phenylpyruvate in the cytosol.
Protein methyltransferases (PMTs) are epigenetic regulatory enzymes with significant therapeutic relevance. Here the authors describe a collection of chemical inhibitors and antagonists to modulate most of the key methylation marks on histones H3 and H4, and use the collection to study of the role of PMTs in mouse and human T cell differentiation.
Brain-specific angiogenesis inhibitor (BAI) is an adhesion G protein-coupled receptor that acts through the ELMO/DOCK/Rac signaling pathway. Here the authors provide molecular insights into BAI/ELMO interactions by solving the crystal structure of the C-terminal cytoplasmic tail of BAI bound to the RAE tandem domains of ELMO2.
The wave nature of light and particles is of interest to the fundamental quantum mechanics. Here the authors show the double-slit interference effect in the strong-field ionization of neon dimers by employing COLTRIMS method to record the momentum distribution of the photoelectrons in the molecular frame
In late 2016, there was a sudden and subsequently sustained decrease of Antarctic sea ice extent. Analyses of observations and a model simulation trace the causes to teleconnections from the tropics on the interannual timescale combined with decadal-timescale warming in the upper Southern Ocean.
Core/shell semiconductor nanocrystals have advantageous optoelectronic properties, which depend on the shell architecture. Here the authors show that by reducing the growth rate of ZnS shells on ZnSe nanorods the shell morphology can be tuned from flat to islands-like to helical