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Promiscuous inhibitor aggregates. Feng et al. show (p 146) that many 'drug-like' molecules form aggregates at high concentrations, which cause non-specific enzyme inhibition. They developed a high-throughput screen to select against such promiscuous inhibitors in the lead generation process (see also News & Views by Sawyer, p 125). Cover art by Erin Boyle based on images provided by Brian Feng.
Chemical biologists studying natural-product pathways encoded in genomes have unearthed new chemistry and insights into the evolution of biologically active metabolites.
The identification of promising lead compounds from high-throughput screens is still a very complex problem. A new high-throughput assay for identifying aggregation-based false positives could help.
Protein nitrosation is an important signaling mechanism in vivo; however, mechanisms for selective nitric oxide modification of cysteines have not been described. Thioredoxin is now shown to rapidly and site-specifically catalyze S-nitrosation of an active site cysteine of caspase-3.
In the competition for control of iron between Mycobacterium tuberculosis and host cells, very little is understood about how these bacteria use small-molecule siderophores to obtain iron. A mechanism is now shown for intracellular iron acquisition by mycobacterial lipophilic siderophores.