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Nature Biotechnology 25, 1165–1170 (1 October 2007) | doi:10.1038/nbt1340

Renal clearance of quantum dots

Hak Soo Choi , Wenhao Liu , Preeti Misra , Eiichi Tanaka , John P Zimmer , Binil Itty Ipe , Moungi G Bawendi & John V Frangioni

The field of nanotechnology holds great promise for the diagnosis and treatment of human disease. However, the size and charge of most nanoparticles preclude their efficient clearance from the body as intact nanoparticles.