The sirtuins are a highly conserved family of NAD⁺-dependent enzymes that regulate lifespan in lower organisms. Recently, the mammalian sirtuins have been connected to an ever widening circle of activities that encompass cellular stress resistance, genomic stability, tumorigenesis and energy metabolism. Here we review the recent progress in sirtuin biology, the role these proteins have in various age-related diseases and the tantalizing notion that the activity of this family of enzymes somehow regulates how long we live.

1. Translational Medicine Branch, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute,
2. Genetics of Development and Disease Branch, National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Diseases, US National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
3. The Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA

Correspondence to: Chu-Xia Deng² Correspondence should be addressed to C.-X.D. (Email: chuxiad@bdg10.niddk.nih.gov).

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