Editorials

An ailing agency p245

Public health needs strong advocacy within government — and Congress should make sure that the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention continues to provide it.

doi:10.1038/443245a

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Libya's travesty p245

Six medical workers in Libya face execution. It is not too late for scientists to speak up on their behalf.

doi:10.1038/443245b

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The brief goodbye p246

Because of trends in submissions, Nature's Brief Communications will bow out at the end of the year.

doi:10.1038/443246a

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Research Highlights

Research highlights p248

doi:10.1038/443248a

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News

Claims of brain drain follow CDC reshuffle p250

US may be ill-prepared for disease outbreaks.

Helen Pearson

doi:10.1038/443250a

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Health agency backs use of DDT against malaria p250

Much-maligned pesticide returns to the front line.

Apoorva Mandavilli

doi:10.1038/443250b

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Agency accused of 'illusion of integrity' p252

NIH grilled over handling of ethics breaches.

Meredith Wadman

doi:10.1038/443252a

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Mystery surrounds lab death p253

Japanese biologist found poisoned at his bench.

Ichiko Fuyuno and David Cyranoski

doi:10.1038/443253a

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Sidelines p254

doi:10.1038/443254a

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Lawyers call for science to clear AIDS nurses in Libya p254

International pressure needed to save health workers from death penalty.

Declan Butler

doi:10.1038/443254b

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Snapshot: Idol scans p256

An inside view of a holy statue.

Alison Abbott

doi:10.1038/443256a

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That's no laser, it's a particle accelerator p256

Device mimics light source to speed up electrons.

Geoff Brumfiel

doi:10.1038/443256b

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News in brief p257

doi:10.1038/443257a

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Business

Sequencers step up to the speed challenge p258

In future, hospitals should be able to sequence patient DNA swiftly and cheaply. Rex Dalton reports on the firms bringing that day closer.

doi:10.1038/443258a

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In brief p259

doi:10.1038/443259a

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Market watch p259

doi:10.1038/443259b

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News Features

Medicine: Sleep it off p261

We've been told to eat less and move more to battle the growing obesity epidemic. But could getting more shuteye also be a way to fight the fat? Helen Pearson investigates.

doi:10.1038/443261a

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Environmental science: A testing experience p265

Interdisciplinary research is the new buzzword, but does a grounding in different disciplines really make you better at solving problems? Amanda Haag joins an experiment to find out.

doi:10.1038/443265a

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Palaeoanthropology: The history man p268

Maurice Taieb laid the groundwork for the discovery of Lucy, the most famous fossil human ancestor. Rex Dalton meets the Tunisian-born geologist who prefers the desert to the limelight.

doi:10.1038/443268a

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Correspondence

Freedom of the mind got Nature banned by the Nazis p271

Uwe Hofeld and Lennart Olsson

doi:10.1038/443271a

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Iran: support for science does not outweigh crimes p271

Itamar Rabinovich

doi:10.1038/443271b

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Iran is sixth, not second, in Middle East publication list p271

Eran Meshorer

doi:10.1038/443271c

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Iran's progress towards nuclear capability is no joke p271

Guy Goodwin

doi:10.1038/443271d

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Taking time to savour the rewards of slow science p271

Lisa Alleva

doi:10.1038/443271e

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Books and Arts

The road to hell? p273

The good intentions of a leading ecologist may not be enough to save Earth's biodiversity.

Simon Conway Morris reviews The Creation: An Appeal to Save Life on Earth by E. O. Wilson

doi:10.1038/443273a

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Teeming boisterous life p274

Jon Copley reviews Sensuous Seas: Tales of a Marine Biologist by Eugene H. Kaplan

doi:10.1038/443274a

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Astronomy through the years p274

Jay M. Pasachoff reviews The Cosmic Century: A History of Astrophysics and Cosmology by Malcolm Longair

doi:10.1038/443274b

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Failing the ailing p275

Andrew Scull reviews Bad Medicine: Doctors Doing Harm Since Hippocrates by David Wootton

doi:10.1038/443275a

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Science in Culture: A miracle in sight p276

Adam Elsheimer painted the starry heavens in 1609.

Martin Kemp

doi:10.1038/443276a

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News and Views

Climate change: Greenland's ice on the scales p277

Satellite measurements of changes in Earth's gravity field reveal ice loss from Greenland's ice sheet. Over the past four years, this melt has contributed to global sea-level rise at an accelerating rate.

Tavi Murray

doi:10.1038/443277a

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Palaeoanthropology: A precious little bundle p278

The three-million-year old skeleton of a three-year-old child provides an outstanding resource to understand the development of a human ancestor that seems to have both walked upright and climbed through trees.

Bernard Wood

doi:10.1038/443278a

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50 & 100 years ago p279

doi:10.1038/443279a

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Mathematical physics: Search research p281

How does one best search for non-replenishable targets at unknown positions? An optimized search strategy could be applied to situations as diverse as animal foraging and time-sensitive rescue missions.

Michael F. Shlesinger

doi:10.1038/443281a

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HIV: Tired T cells turn around p282

HIV-1 prompts a massive cellular immune response, but eventually it tires the immune cells. Blocking the activation of a cell receptor called PD-1 might restore these exhausted cells.

Sarah Rowland-Jones and Tao Dong

doi:10.1038/443282a

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Astronomy: Champagne supernova p283

Thermonuclear supernovae were thought to occur only when white-dwarf stars of a certain mass explode. The discovery of a supernova that is way over the mass limit might require a reworking of the model.

David Branch

doi:10.1038/443283a

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Stem cells: A new route to rejuvenation p284

Embryonic stem cells are prized for their ability to mature into all the specialized adult cell types. It may now be possible to reprogramme adult body cells to have the characteristics of stem cells.

M. Azim Surani and Anne McLaren

doi:10.1038/443284a

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Chemical biology: A sweet exchange p285

Many drugs isolated from microorganisms have complex molecular structures, making it difficult for chemists to modify them. But it seems that enzymes can provide a short cut to drug variants.

Christopher T. Walsh

doi:10.1038/443285a

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Brief Communications

Induction of an illusory shadow person p287

Shahar Arzy, Margitta Seeck, Stephanie Ortigue, Laurent Spinelli and Olaf Blanke

doi:10.1038/443287a

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (193K) | Supplementary information

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Brief Communications Arising

Gene therapy: Is IL2RG oncogenic in T-cell development? pE5

Karin Pike-Overzet, Dick de Ridder, Floor Weerkamp, Miranda R. M. Baert, Monique M. Verstegen, Martijn H. Brugman, Steven J. Howe, Marcel J. T. Reinders, Adrian J. Thrasher, Gerard Wagemaker, Jacques J. M. van Dongen and Frank J. T. Staal

doi:10.1038/nature05218

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (175K)

Gene therapy: X-SCID transgene leukaemogenicity pE5

Adrian J. Thrasher, H. Bobby Gaspar, Christopher Baum, Ute Modlich, Axel Schambach, Fabio Candotti, Makoto Otsu, Brian Sorrentino, Linda Scobie, Ewan Cameron, Karen Blyth, Jim Neil, Salima Hacein-Bey Abina, Marina Cavazzana-Calvo and Alain Fischer

doi:10.1038/nature05219

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Gene therapy: Is IL2RG oncogenic in T-cell development?: X-SCID transgene leukaemogenicity (reply) pE6

Niels-Bjarne Woods, Virginie Bottero, Manfred Schmidt, Christof von Kalle and Inder M. Verma

doi:10.1038/nature05220

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (105K)

Review

Central nervous system control of food intake and body weight p289

G. J. Morton, D. E. Cummings, D. G. Baskin, G. S. Barsh and M. W. Schwartz

doi:10.1038/nature05026

Abstract | Full Text | PDF (2,537K)

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Articles

A juvenile early hominin skeleton from Dikika, Ethiopia p296

Zeresenay Alemseged, Fred Spoor, William H. Kimbel, René Bobe, Denis Geraads, Denné Reed and Jonathan G. Wynn

doi:10.1038/nature05047

Abstract | Full Text | PDF (431K) | Supplementary information

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Crystal structure of an H/ACA box ribonucleoprotein particle p302

Ling Li and Keqiong Ye

doi:10.1038/nature05151

Abstract | Full Text | PDF (748K) | Supplementary information

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Letters

The type Ia supernova SNLS-03D3bb from a super-Chandrasekhar-mass white dwarf star p308

D. Andrew Howell, Mark Sullivan, Peter E. Nugent, Richard S. Ellis, Alexander J. Conley, Damien Le Borgne, Raymond G. Carlberg, Julien Guy, David Balam, Stephane Basa, Dominique Fouchez, Isobel M. Hook, Eric Y. Hsiao, James D. Neill, Reynald Pain, Kathryn M. Perrett and Christopher J. Pritchet

doi:10.1038/nature05103

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (473K) | Supplementary information

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Spontaneous symmetry breaking in a quenched ferromagnetic spinor Bose–Einstein condensate p312

L. E. Sadler, J. M. Higbie, S. R. Leslie, M. Vengalattore and D. M. Stamper-Kurn

doi:10.1038/nature05094

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (415K)

'Designer atoms' for quantum metrology p316

C. F. Roos, M. Chwalla, K. Kim, M. Riebe and R. Blatt

doi:10.1038/nature05101

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (278K)

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A guest-free germanium clathrate p320

Arnold M. Guloy, Reiner Ramlau, Zhongjia Tang, Walter Schnelle, Michael Baitinger and Yuri Grin

doi:10.1038/nature05145

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The cause of the fragile relationship between the Pacific El Niño and the Atlantic Niño p324

Ping Chang, Yue Fang, R. Saravanan, Link Ji and Howard Seidel

doi:10.1038/nature05053

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Acceleration of Greenland ice mass loss in spring 2004 p329

Isabella Velicogna and John Wahr

doi:10.1038/nature05168

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Geological and palaeontological context of a Pliocene juvenile hominin at Dikika, Ethiopia p332

Jonathan G. Wynn, Zeresenay Alemseged, René Bobe, Denis Geraads, Denné Reed and Diana C. Roman

doi:10.1038/nature05048

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (1,139K) | Supplementary information

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A common progenitor for haematopoietic and endothelial lineages in the zebrafish gastrula p337

Kevin M. Vogeli, Suk-Won Jin, Gail R. Martin and Didier Y. R. Stainier

doi:10.1038/nature05045

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Topical drug rescue strategy and skin protection based on the role of Mc1r in UV-induced tanning p340

John A. D'Orazio, Tetsuji Nobuhisa, Rutao Cui, Michelle Arya, Malinda Spry, Kazumasa Wakamatsu, Vivien Igras, Takahiro Kunisada, Scott R. Granter, Emi K. Nishimura, Shosuke Ito and David E. Fisher

doi:10.1038/nature05098

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Calcineurin/NFAT signalling regulates pancreatic -cell growth and function p345

Jeremy J. Heit, Åsa A. Apelqvist, Xueying Gu, Monte M. Winslow, Joel R. Neilson, Gerald R. Crabtree and Seung K. Kim

doi:10.1038/nature05097

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (595K) | Supplementary information

PD-1 expression on HIV-specific T cells is associated with T-cell exhaustion and disease progression p350

Cheryl L. Day, Daniel E. Kaufmann, Photini Kiepiela, Julia A. Brown, Eshia S. Moodley, Sharon Reddy, Elizabeth W. Mackey, Joseph D. Miller, Alasdair J. Leslie, Chantal DePierres, Zenele Mncube, Jaikumar Duraiswamy, Baogong Zhu, Quentin Eichbaum, Marcus Altfeld, E. John Wherry, Hoosen M. Coovadia, Philip J. R. Goulder, Paul Klenerman, Rafi Ahmed, Gordon J. Freeman and Bruce D. Walker

doi:10.1038/nature05115

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Stoichiometry and turnover in single, functioning membrane protein complexes p355

Mark C. Leake, Jennifer H. Chandler, George H. Wadhams, Fan Bai, Richard M. Berry and Judith P. Armitage

doi:10.1038/nature05135

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (352K) | Supplementary information

Prevalence of off-target effects in Drosophila RNA interference screens p359

Yong Ma, Adrian Creanga, Lawrence Lum and Philip A. Beachy

doi:10.1038/nature05179

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (904K) | Supplementary information

Naturejobs

Prospects p365

Paul Smaglik

doi:10.1038/nj7109-365a

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Up and coming p366

Beyond the urban chaos of New York City lies a tranquil state with abundant career opportunities, says Ricki Lewis.

Ricki Lewis

doi:10.1038/nj7109-366a

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Arthur Ellis, vice-chancellor for research, University of California, San Diego p368

Virginia Gewin

doi:10.1038/nj7109-368a

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The mouse house p368

Hannah Hoag

doi:10.1038/nj7109-368b

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Farewell to the hive p368

Katja Bargum

doi:10.1038/nj7109-368c

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Spotlight on Upstate New York

doi:10.1038/nj0124

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Futures

Dr Williamson and the master speed p370

Location, location, location.

Michael Livingston

doi:10.1038/443370a

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