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Volume 399 Issue 6734, 27 May 1999

Opinion

  • Steps to increase the transparency of the procedures used to judge the safety of genetically modified foods are to be welcomed. The scientific advice on which such judgements are made must reflect the same openness.

    Opinion

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  • A patent dispute involving allegations of scientific misconduct mars the image of the biotechnology industry.

    Opinion
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News

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News in Brief

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News

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Correspondence

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Commentary

  • The number of scientists in the biomedical field is growing exponentially at rates that outstrip funding. The present system of short-term research grants, resulting in armies of postdocs without career prospects, must be changed.

    • M. F. Perutz
    Commentary
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News & Views

  • Glass-blowers have known for centuries that a heated vessel can generate sound. Thermoacoustic energy conversion can now be made as efficient as energy conversion in an internal-combustion engine — a feat that has been accomplished in a device with no moving parts.

    • Steven L. Garrett
    News & Views
  • You wouldn't expect there to be many similarities between the chameleon (a reptile) and the sandlance (a fish), yet it seems that they use similar visual systems. Both can move their two eyes independently and alternately, and both use their cornea (rather than the lens) to focus on objects. These refinements allow them to gauge depth and distance with one eye, and must have evolved separately in the two species in response to environmental constraints.

    • Mandyam V. Srinivasan
    News & Views
  • Last month it was reported that magnetometers on the Mars Global Surveyor had identified lineated magnetic anomalies on Mars. The discovery of such anomalies on the Earth's seafloor in the 1960s was explained by continental drift. The suggestion that plate tectonics might be occurring on Mars was entirely unexpected.

    • Dan McKenzie
    News & Views
  • Theories of ageing have it that there may be trade-offs between an individual's reproductive success and its life span. Work with the nematode wormCaenorhabditis elegansis revealing the mechanisms behind that principle — the latest studies show how signals from the worm's reproductive system influence its longevity.

    • Donald L. Riddle
    News & Views
  • The magnetic spins of pyrochlore magnets are constrained to point either directly into or away from the centre of each structural building block. This is analogous to constraints on hydrogen ions in water ice. The discovery that the entropy of magnetic ‘spin ice’ and water ice are the same at low temperatures highlights a long-standing contradiction between the entropy of ice and the third law of thermodynamics.

    • Mark Harris
    News & Views
  • The bacterium that causes cholera,Vibrio cholerae, does not encode the cholera toxin itself. The toxin is encoded by a virus (known as a bacteriophage), which infects the V. choleraethrough a bacterial structure called the toxin co-regulated pilus. It now turns out that this pilus is itself encoded by yet another bacteriophage. So, only when the bacterium has acquired both phages will it have its full complement of virulence genes.

    • Ronald K. Taylor
    News & Views
  • In the geologically recent past, the warmest period in Earth's history was the Miocene Climatic Optimum (14.5-17 million years ago), when temperatures at high latitudes were as much as 6 ºC higher than they are now. According to new molecular isotopic studies, levels of atmospheric CO2were comparatively low during this time. So mechanisms other than CO2may have been the main factors driving and maintaining the warming.

    • Benjamin P. Flower
    News & Views
  • Aldous Huxley's vision of ‘feelies’ — cinema with sensations — could, according to Daedalus, become a reality. He's developing a way to stimulate individual nerve fibres, allowing ‘virtual sensations’ to be superimposed on the normal sensory traffic of the nervous system. Such virtual sensation could turn out to be useful in teaching trainee cooks what a too-sticky cake mix feels like, or training doctors to detect a fast pulse.

    • David Jones
    News & Views
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Scientific Correspondence

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Book Review

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Article

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Letter

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New on the Market

  • A selection of new products for the microbiology lab includes some 45's, not made of black vinyl and not by the Beatles, a manual approach to cryopreservation and ready-to-use media. Compiled in the C i t Nature office from information provided by the manufacturers.

    New on the Market
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