Skip to main content

Thank you for visiting nature.com. You are using a browser version with limited support for CSS. To obtain the best experience, we recommend you use a more up to date browser (or turn off compatibility mode in Internet Explorer). In the meantime, to ensure continued support, we are displaying the site without styles and JavaScript.

  • Review Article
  • Published:

A diagram of evolution

Abstract

Recent developments in molecular genetics have made it possible to re-examine the question of the relationship between chromosomes and organisms, and heredity and evolution, in the light of what is now known about the molecular basis of all of them.

This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution

Access options

Buy this article

Prices may be subject to local taxes which are calculated during checkout

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Darlington, C. D. Recent Advances in Cytology 1st edn (Churchill, London, 1932).

    Google Scholar 

  2. Fincham, J. R. Microbial and Molecular Genetics 2nd edn (Hodder and Stoughton, London, 1976).

    Google Scholar 

  3. Catcheside, D. G. The Genetics of Recombination (Arnold, London, 1978)

    Google Scholar 

  4. Shaw, D. C. et al. Nature 272, 510–515 (1978).

    Article  ADS  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. McClintock, B. Brookhaven Symp. Biol. 18, 162–184 (1965).

    Google Scholar 

  6. John, P. & Whatley, F. R. Nature 254, 495–498 (1975).

    Article  ADS  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Fauron, C. M-R. & Wolstenholme, D. R. Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 73, 3623–3627 (1976).

    Article  ADS  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Kirk, J. T. O. & Tilney-Bassett, R. A. E. The Plastids 2nd edn (Freeman, London, 1978).

    Google Scholar 

  9. Darlington, C. D. Nature 154, 164–169 (1944).

    Article  ADS  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Rich, A. & Kim, S. H. Sci. Am. 238, 52–62 (1978).

    Article  ADS  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Lehmann, H. & Huntsman, R. G. Man's Haemoglobin (North Holland, Amsterdam, 1974).

    Google Scholar 

  12. Schwartz, R. M. & Dayhoff, M. O. Science 199, 395–404 (1978).

    Article  ADS  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Darlington, C. D. Cytology 3rd edn (Churchill, London, 1965).

    Google Scholar 

  14. Henderson, S. A. Chromosoma 35, 28–56 (1971).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Heitz, E. Jahrb. wiss. Bot 69, 762–818 (1928).

    Google Scholar 

  16. Darlington, C. D. & La Cour, L. F. The Handling of Chromosomes 6th edn (Allen and Unwin, London, 1977).

    Google Scholar 

  17. Shaw, G. W. Chromosoma 9, 292–304 (1958).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Dyer, A. F. Cytologia 29, 155–190; 263–279 (1964).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Dyer, A. F. Chromosoma 13, 545–576 (1963).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Barlow, P. & Vosa, C. G. Heredity 23, 625–630 (1968).

    Google Scholar 

  21. Roller, P. G. Proc. R. Soc. B 133, 313–326 (1946).

    Google Scholar 

  22. McLeish, J. Heredity 6, Suppl. Symp. Chr. Breakage, 125–147 (1953).

    Google Scholar 

  23. McLeish, J. Heredity 8, 385–407 (1954).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Caspersson, T. et al. Expl Cell. Res. 49, 219–222 (1968).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. de Grouchy, J. Chromosomes Today 6, 183–190 (1977).

    Google Scholar 

  26. Vosa, C. G. Chromosoma 57, 119–133 (1976).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. La Cour, L. F. Phil. Trans. R. Soc B (in the press).

  28. Miller, D. A. Science 198, 1116–1124 (1977).

    Article  ADS  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Varshavsky, A. J. Chromosomes Today 6, 59–70 (1977).

    Google Scholar 

  30. Comings, D. E. Chromosomes Today 6, 19–26 (1977).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Finch, J. et al. Nature 269, 29–36 (1977).

    Article  ADS  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Therman, E. & Pätau, K. Humangenetik 25, 1–16 (1974).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. Darlington, C. D. Conference on Chromosomes (Wageningen) 199–231 (1957).

  34. Weismann, A. Nature 36, 607 (1887).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. Pandey, K. K. Theor. appl Genet. 50, 89–101 (1977).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  36. Darlington, C. D. Curr. Chromose Res. 1–5 (Kew, Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1976).

  37. Carson, H. L. Proc natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 70, 1772–1774 (1973).

    Article  ADS  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. Darlington, C. D. Chromosome Botany, 3rd edn (Allen and Unwin, London, 1973).

    Google Scholar 

  39. Wilson, E. B. The Cell (Macmillan, New York, 1899–1925).

    Google Scholar 

  40. Darlington, C. D. Evolution of Genetic Systems (Oliver & Boyd, Edinburgh, 1958).

    Google Scholar 

  41. Darlington, C. D. Chromosomes Today 4, 1–13 (1973).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. John, B. & Lewis, K. R. Protoplasmatologia 6, F (1965).

  43. White, M. J. D. Animal Cytology and Evolution, 2nd edn (Cambridge University Press, London, 1973).

    Google Scholar 

  44. Fogwill, M. Chromosoma 9, 493–504 (1958).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  45. Huxley, J. S. Evolution 3rd edn (Allen and Unwin, London, 1974).

    Google Scholar 

  46. Nagl, W. Nucleus 20, 10–27 (1977).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  47. Gillespie, D. Science 196, 889–891 (1977).

    Article  ADS  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  48. Darlington, C. D. & Shaw, G. W. Heredity 13, 89–121 (1957).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  49. Rees, H. & Jones, R. N. Int. Rev. Cyt. 32, 53–92 (1972).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  50. Rees, H. Sci. Progress. 61, 535–554 (1974).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  51. Darlington, C. D. J. Genet. 39, 101–137 (1939).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  52. Yosida, T. H. Cytogenet. Cell Gen. 18, 149–159 (1977).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  53. Darlington, C. D. Ann. Bot. 47, 811–814 (1933).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  54. Darlington, C. D. The Little Universe of Man (Allen and Unwin, London, 1978).

    Google Scholar 

  55. John, B. & Lewis, K. R. Heredity 11, 1–22 (1957).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  56. De Vries, H. Species and Varieties, their Origin by Mutation (Open Court, Chicago, 1904).

    Google Scholar 

  57. Sharman, G. B. et al. Heredity 6, 345–355 (1952).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  58. Barlow, B. A. et al. Heredity 40, 33–38 (1978).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  59. Ogawa, K. Cytologia 19, 265–272 (1954).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  60. Syren, R. M. & Luykx, P. Nature 266, 167–168 (1977).

    Article  ADS  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  61. Murtagh, C. E. Chromosoma 65, 37–57 (1977).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  62. Markert, C. L. et al. Science 189, 102–114 (1975).

    Article  ADS  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  63. King, M. C. & Wilson, A. C. New Sci. 67, 16–18 (1975).

    Google Scholar 

  64. Haldane, J. B. S. The Causes of Evolution (Longman, London, 1932).

    Google Scholar 

  65. Darwin, C. R. The Origin of Species (Murray, London, 1859–1872).

    Google Scholar 

  66. Morgan, T. H. The Theory of the Gene (Yale University Press, New Haven, 1926).

    Google Scholar 

  67. Darlington, C. D. Chromosomes Today 6, 1–12 (1977).

    Google Scholar 

  68. Wright, S. Genetics 16, 97–159 (1931).

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  69. Wright, S. Am. Nat. 90, 5–24 (1956).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  70. Dobzhansky, Th. Genetics and the Origin of Species (Columbia University Press, New York, 1937).

    Google Scholar 

  71. Darlington, C. D. in Ecological Genetics and Evolution (ed. Creed, R.) (Blackwell, Oxford, 1971).

    Google Scholar 

  72. Dobzhansky, Th. et al. Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 28, 45–48 (1942).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  73. Pandey, K. K. Heredity 31, 381–400 (1973).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  74. Fisher, R. A. Proc. R. Soc. B 141, 510–523 (1953).

    ADS  CAS  Google Scholar 

  75. Judd, J. W. The Coming of Evolution (Cambridge University Press, London).

  76. Darlington, C. D. Darwin's Place in History (Blackwell, Oxford, 1959).

    Google Scholar 

  77. Lucretius, De Rerum Nature Bk IV, 834–835.

  78. Pandey, K. K. Genetica 40, 447–474 (1969).

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Darlington, C. A diagram of evolution. Nature 276, 447–452 (1978). https://doi.org/10.1038/276447a0

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/276447a0

This article is cited by

Comments

By submitting a comment you agree to abide by our Terms and Community Guidelines. If you find something abusive or that does not comply with our terms or guidelines please flag it as inappropriate.

Search

Quick links

Nature Briefing

Sign up for the Nature Briefing newsletter — what matters in science, free to your inbox daily.

Get the most important science stories of the day, free in your inbox. Sign up for Nature Briefing