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In this meta-analysis of 90 randomized controlled trials of youth psychological treatment, Daros et al. show that a reduction in depression and anxiety symptoms is associated with improvements in emotional regulation skills.
Using a large dataset of workers’ technology use from before and after the COVID-19 pandemic, Yang et al. find that firm-wide remote work caused the collaboration networks of information workers to become more static and siloed and communication to shift to more asynchronous media.
How do concepts of mental life vary across cultures? Weisman et al. show that a distinction between cognition and bodily sensation is present across five diverse cultures, but the status of social and emotional mental states is variable.
In a multivariate genetic analysis including 282,271 adults, Merino et al. identified 26 genomic regions associated with carbohydrate, protein and fat intake. The identified loci implicate brain regions and neuronal subtypes in influencing eating behaviour.
This research finds that genetic effects associated with same-sex sexual behaviour are associated with more sexual partners in individuals who only engage in opposite-sex sexual behaviour. This could help explain the evolutionary maintenance of same-sex sexual behaviour.
Contradicting the hypothesis that attention and executive functions broadly decline with age, Veríssimo et al. show that efficiency of attentional orienting and executive inhibition increased into the 70s, while attentional alerting declined.
In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, Petherick, Goldszmidt et al. show that, from March to December 2020, adherence to physical distancing fell worldwide, while mask-wearing adherence increased.
This Registered Report presents evidence from 87 countries and regions showing that brief emotion-regulation interventions consistently reduced negative emotions and increased positive emotions during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Alós-Ferrer et al. introduce the Big Robber game to study selfish and generous behaviour within the same person. Most people were willing to steal half the earnings of a large group if their personal gain exceeded €100, but the same people were generous towards individuals.
Suthaharan et al. show that levels of paranoia increased in the general population during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic, in association with more erratic belief updating. Government policies also played a role.
The political views of racial minorities vary. By analysing political speech, tweets and written introductions, Dupree finds that, in mostly white settings, Black and Latinx conservatives referenced high competence more than liberals, reversing stereotypes.
Which brain circuits are causally involved in depression? Using the human connectome as a wiring diagram, Siddiqi et al. combine data from lesions, deep brain stimulation and transcranial magnetic stimulation studies to show that these three methods converge in identifying a single depression circuit.
In this micro-society study, Osiurak et al. show that the improvement of a physical system over generations is accompanied by an increased understanding of it, showing the role of technical reasoning in cumulative technological culture.
Small et al. estimate travel times to the nearest bank or alternative financial institution from every block in 19 of the largest cities in the United States and demonstrate that neighbourhood racial and ethnic characteristics strongly predict access to conventional banking.
Sullivan and Huettel present the multi-attribute, time-dependent drift diffusion model, a version of the drift diffusion model for multi-attribute choice. In the model, each attribute begins to influence the decision process at distinct times, fitting food choices affected by healthiness and taste.
During a pandemic, trust in leaders is affected by how they resolve moral dilemmas. Across 22 countries, leaders’ endorsement of instrumental harm reduced public trust, while endorsement of impartial beneficence increased trust.
This genome-wide study of age at first sexual intercourse and first birth identifies 371 signals driven by reproductive biology, externalising behaviour and environmental effects, with later onset associated with lower incidence of some diseases.
Bohn et al. present and test a model to explain how children combine information during word learning. They conclude that children become more sensitive to individual information sources with age, but the way they integrate information remains stable.
Cadario et al. identify potential reasons underlying the resistance to use medical artificial intelligence and test interventions to overcome this resistance.