Volume 3 Issue 7, July 2019

The safety and security of medical devices driven by software, the software-development processes, and the need for data collection and privacy, all offer challenges and opportunities for device regulation and clinical care.

A bioprinted glioblastoma-on-a-chip model enables the evaluation of treatment responses for individual patients whose brain tumours resist standard chemoradiotherapy.

A microfluidic chip incorporating oxygen gradients, a diverse human microbiota and patient-derived cells, mimics interactions between microorganisms and host tissue in the human gut.

An osteoarthritis model in a cartilage-on-a-chip, enabled by hyperphysiological compression, recapitulates the progression of the disease and its response to drugs.

Retinoic acid induces the rapid osteogenic differentiation of patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells, enabling the in vitro recapitulation of an osteogenesis imperfecta phenotype.

Plasmids coding for a toxin gene that is only expressed in the presence of a virulence-associated transcription factor lead to the killing of only the virulent form of the bacterium Vibrio cholerae in a mixed bacterial population.

A tumour-on-a-chip model featuring patient-derived glioblastoma cells, vascular endothelial cells and decellularized extracellular matrix from brain tissue can be used to identify patient-specific resistance to standard chemoradiotherapy.

A microfluidic intestine-on-a-chip that allows the control of physiologically relevant oxygen gradients, enables the extended coculture of living human intestinal epithelium with stable communities of aerobic and anaerobic human gut microbiota.

A microphysiological model of the bronchial airways enables the study of the mechanochemical feedback interactions between smooth muscle cells and epithelial cells that underlie bronchospasm.

A microphysiological cartilage on a chip that enables the application of strain-controlled compression recapitulates the mechanical factors involved in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis.

A fast in vitro model of the formation of bone-like nodules, enabled by the retinoic-acid-mediated induction of the osteogenic differentiation of patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells, recapitulates the osteogenesis-imperfecta phenotype.

A comparison of the molecular, cellular and functional characteristics of three congruent patient-specific cell types for the modelling of Charcot−Marie−Tooth 1A reveals commonly upregulated chemokines.