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Assays leveraging the CRISPR-associated enzyme Cas13 and isothermal RNA amplification for the detection of viral RNA are being simplified for point-of-care use.
Multiplex detection of two interacting Mycobacterium tuberculosis biomarkers on the surface of circulating extracellular vesicles, using a nanoplasmon-enhanced immunoassay, improves the diagnosis of tuberculosis in immunosuppressed children living with HIV.
Graph deep learning can be used to detect contextual pathological features within a complex tumour microenvironment. We have shown the use of graph deep learning for predicting the prognosis of patients with tumours, and use it to identify additional contextual prognostic biomarkers for pathologists.
Weakly supervised deep-learning models for the analysis of whole-slide images from tumour biopsies perform better at prognostic tasks if the models incorporate context from the local microenvironment.
This Review discusses the advantages and limitations of self-supervised methods and models for use in medicine and healthcare, and the challenges in collecting unbiased data for their training.
This Review discusses the use of deep generative models, federated learning and transformer models to address challenges in the deployment of machine learning for healthcare.
An adhesive hydrogel patch made from off-the-shelf materials seals and aids the healing of gastrointestinal-tissue defects without the need for sutures, as shown with the repair of gastrointestinal leaks in live rats and pigs.
This Perspective overviews the design and fabrication of tissue-mimicking phantom materials for the technical validation of biophotonic instrumentation, and identifies a set of criteria for their standardization.
This Review discusses established and emerging techniques for the multiplexed imaging of isolated tissues and cells and for non-invasive whole-body imaging.
Arrays of ultrasonic transducers arranged hemispherically around the head enable the mapping of haemodynamic changes in the brain via photoacoustic computed tomography at resolutions down to 350 micrometres and 2 seconds.
Volumetric histological imaging of mouse and human tissues without the need for tissue staining or excision can be performed in real time via microscopes leveraging confocally aligned light-sheet illumination.
This Perspective highlights notable milestones from the past two decades of research in cardiac tissue engineering, and outlines opportunities and challenges for further advancement.
Deep-learning models trained with images of the external part of the eyes, rather than fundus images of the retina, can also be used to detect severe diabetic conditions, such as diabetic retinopathy.
Ultrasound pulses have been used to modulate a liver–brain autonomic nerve pathway to prevent or reverse the onset of hyperglycaemia in models of diabetes in several species. The ion channel TRPA1 was shown to be essential in transducing the ultrasound stimuli within the metabolic control circuit.
Freeze-dried genetic circuits can be integrated with textiles for the detection — colorimetric, or via fluorescence or luminescence — of small molecules and nucleic acids from SARS-CoV-2 and other pathogens.
A method connecting single-cell genomic, transcriptomic or proteomic profiles to functional cellular characteristics, especially time-varying phenotypic changes, would inform our understanding of cancer biology. We present functional single-cell sequencing (FUNseq) to address this need and describe how it might provide a unique way to unravel mechanisms that drive cancer.
Off-target genome editing in the liver can be reduced by using lipid nanoparticles to deliver oligonucleotides that disrupt the secondary structure of single-guide RNAs as well as short interfering RNAs targeting Cas9 mRNA.
An electromechanical chip consisting of self-assembled DNA-based cantilevers immobilized on a liquid-gated graphene field-effect transistor can be configured to rapidly detect ultra-low concentrations of biomolecules, including viral nucleic acids, in biological fluids.
This Review discusses the most promising gene therapies, cell therapies and retinal prostheses for the treatment of retinal degeneration, as well as upcoming technologies for enhancing vision restoration.
This Review discusses the challenges and opportunities, biological and technical, of technologies for the analysis of cell-free DNA for the diagnosis of cancer.
