Volume 12 Issue 5, September 2019

This diagram illustrates the mechanisms by which neutrophils are recruited and activated during respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection. RSV induces the production of neutrophil chemoattractants by stromal cells in a MYD88/TRIF dependent manner, driving neutrophil recruitment to the lungs. Meanwhile, alveolar macrophages produce type I interferons in a MAVS dependent manner inducing a pro-inflammatory cascade in the lungs. The recruited neutrophils become activated upon encountering this pro-inflammatory lung environment. Image courtesy of Freja Kirsebom and Cecilia Johansson, Imperial College London, created using BioRender. For further information, please see the article in this issue, pages 1244–1255.