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High vertical variation in englacial debris concentration is found in four 150 m-deep borehole optical televiewer logs in Khumbu Glacier, Nepal, with vertically averaged englacial debris concentrations of up to 6.4% by volume towards the terminus.
Hotspots of critical water usage along the global supply chain for a lithium-ion battery storage are mainly associated with mining activities, for example of lithium, aluminium and copper, according to a spatially explicit life cycle impact assessment.
Changes in monthly temperature extremes are governed by mean climate warming, whereas changes in monthly precipitation extremes respond more to changes in variability, suggest analyses of large-ensemble climate simulations.
Information on the initial chemical nature of Archean organic materials can survive in rocks despite a complex geological history, according to spatially resolved chemical analyses of 3.4-billion-year old organic films.
The seasonal evolution of the Afro-Asian monsoon system from the continents to oceanic regions has changed through the Holocene due to variation in seasonal insolation resulting from orbital forcing, according to a data-model synthesis.
Total erupted volume and umbrella cloud radius can inform estimates of eruption characteristics and volcanic explosivity more reliably than column height or volume alone, according to simulations of the eruption of Pululagua, Ecuador, 2,450 years ago.
Mineral dust deposited over the western Amazon region through the Holocene is not limited to a Saharan source and instead has diverse origins, according to geochemical fingerprinting of dust from lacustrine deposits.
Ground deformation and a sudden acceleration of movement in the final two months preceded the catastrophic collapse of the Brumadinho Tailings Dam in Brazil, according to advanced analyses of InSAR remote sensing data.