Sir, I read with interest the letter from D. Singh (Br Dent JÂ 2015;218: 368) regarding the reduction in oropharyngeal airway after orthodontic treatment involving extraction of premolars and retraction of incisor segments. It would also seem that headgear which restricts maxillary growth has a similar effect.1,2 Conversely, functional appliance therapy would appear to have the opposite effect enhancing the oropharyngeal airway.3,4,5 As there seems to be a relationship between oropharyngeal size and obstructive sleep apnea6,7,8 it would favour the functional approach to orthodontic treatment.
References
Hiyama S H, Ono T, Ishiwata Y, Kuroda T . Changes in mandibular position and upper airway Dimension by wearing cervical headgear during sleep. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2001; 120: 160–168.
Godt A, Koos B, Hagen H, Goz G . Changes in upper airway width associated with Class II treatments (headgear vs activator) and different growth patterns. Angle Orthod 2001; 81: 440–446.
Jena A K, Singh S P, Utreja A K . Effectiveness of twin-block and mandibular protraction appliance-IV in the improvement of pharyngeal airway passage dimensions in Class II malocclusion subjects with a retrognathic mandible. Angle Orthod 2013; 83: 728–734.
Ghodke S, Utreja A K, Singh S P, Jena A K . Effects of twin-block appliance on the anatomy of pharyngeal airway passage (PAP) in class II malocclusion subjects. Prog Orthod 2014; 15: 68–76.
Iwasaki T, Takemoto Y, Inada E, Sato H, Saitoh I, Kakuno E, Kanomi R, Yamasaki Y . Three-dimensional cone-beam computed tomography analysis of enlargement of the pharyngeal airway by the Herbst appliance. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2014; 146: 776–785.
Lyberg T, Krogstad O, Djupesland G . Cephalometric analysis in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome: skeletal morphology. J Laryngol Otol 1989; 103: 287–292.
vp apnea syndrome: A complex disorder of the upper airway. Otolaryngol Clin North Am 1990; 23: 593–608.
Pracharktam N, Nelson S, Hans M G et al. Cephalometric assessment in obstructive sleep apnea. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 1996; 109: 410–419.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Trenouth, M. In practice: Impact on the airway. Br Dent J 219, 561 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.bdj.2015.936
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.bdj.2015.936