Unlike autosomal genes, X-linked genes are expressed from only one copy in both male and female mammals. How cells increase X-linked gene expression to match autosomal levels is unclear. New evidence suggests that lower levels of RNA modifications on X chromosome-derived transcripts critically regulate mRNA stability and help to balance X-to-autosome gene expression levels.
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The author is funded by the European Union (ERC-STG, DarkCellFader, #1010770480) and Austrian Academy of Science, and thanks M. Borsos and D. Honson for suggestions made to the text.
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Jachowicz, J.W. A fine balancing act: how epitranscriptome regulates dosage compensation in mammals. Nat Struct Mol Biol 30, 1057–1059 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41594-023-01055-y
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41594-023-01055-y