Both caloric restriction and obesity affect autoimmune diseases. The activation of brainstem neurons in the ventrolateral medulla (VLM) with fasting suppresses experimental autoimmune diseases. Stimulation of VLM neurons alters T cell traffic by redistributing immune cells to bone marrow and reduces inflammatory cytokine production, thus providing therapy of experimental autoimmunity.
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Or-Geva, N., Steinman, L. Hunger guides immunity to friend versus foe. Nat Neurosci 27, 393–394 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41593-024-01590-x
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41593-024-01590-x