A specific defect in cord blood monocytes during clearance of apoptotic neutrophils resulting in impaired anti-inflammatory capacity may underlie neonatal chronic inflammatory disorders.

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Spatiotemporal expression of bradykinin B1 receptor (B1R) revealed enrichment in maturing proximal tubule but a lack in nephron progenitors. These findings support a role for B1R in terminal differentiation of the proximal nephron but not in early nephrogenesis.

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Mizoribine, a purine nucleotide analog, effectively attenuates the Cyclosporine A (CsA) induced progression of renal interstitial fibrosis and macrophage accumulation in rats.

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Quantitative histology on brains of premature baboons ventilated by high frequency oscillation or low volume positive pressure demonstrated decreased brain growth with increased astrocytes and microglia but a decrease in oligodendrocytes.

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Three dimensional (3D) images acquired with 3Tesla Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) demonstrate a relatively more “compact” female model in premature infants which may relate to sex differences in neural circuitry and cognitive domains.

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Four weeks of hydrocortisone therapy targeted at chronic lung disease in preterm infants demonstrated no effect on brain growth assessed by 3D-Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) performed at term equivalent age.

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