Cardiac specific deletion of ALK3, the receptor IA of bone morphogenetic protein produced ventricular septal defect with downregulation of platelet activating factor acetyl hydroxylase and paired box gene 8 (Pax-8) but upregulation of protein-tyrosine kinase (PTK) of the focal adhesion kinase subfamily and beta subtype protein 14-3-3 downstream genes.

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Transforming growth factor-β heterozygous mice express increased nephron number in kidneys due to accelerated ureteric branching morphogenesis and nephron formation.

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Endothelial nitric oxide synthase is protective in carbon tetrachloride induced hepatotoxicity in newborn rats by post-translational modification of the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/Akt signaling pathway.

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The common underlying theme of juvenile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis is perturbed lipid raft structure and/or lipid stoichiometry due to altered CLN protein deficiency.

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The plasma proteome of children undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass revealed significant changes in copper, iron, hemoglobin, epinephrine, norepinephrine, serotonin and certain markers of inflammation and oxidative stress.

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Periventricular leukomalacia of prematurity involves widespread axonal injury in the gliotic white matter far beyond the foci of necrosis, thereby contributing towards the overall white matter volume reduction.

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