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The Janus face of dendritic cells in cancer

Oncogene volume 27, pages 5920–5931 (2008)Cite this article

Abstract

On the basis of experimental models and some human data, we can assume that tumor outgrowth results from the balance between immunosurveillance (the extrinsic tumor suppressor mechanisms) and immunosubversion dictated by transformed cells and/or the corrupted surrounding microenvironment. Cancer immunosurveillance relies mainly upon conventional lymphocytes exerting either lytic or secretory functions, whereas immunosubversion results from the activity of regulatory T or suppressor myeloid cells and soluble mediators. Although specific tools to target or ablate dendritic cells (DCs) became only recently available, accumulating evidence points to the critical role of the specialized DC system in dictating most of the conventional and regulatory functions of tumor-specific T lymphocytes. Although DC can be harnessed to silence tumor development, tumors in turn can exploit DC to evade immunity. Indeed, DCs harbor defects in their differentiation and stimulatory functions in cancer-bearing hosts and can actively promote T-cell tolerance to self-tumor antigens. In this review, we will focus on the dual role of DC during tumor progression and discuss pharmacoimmunological strategies to harness DC against cancer.

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Abbreviations

CTL:

cytotoxic T cell

DC:

dendritic cell

mDC:

myeloid DC

HMGB1:

high-mobility box 1

IFN:

interferon

IKDC:

interferon-producing killer DC

KDC:

killer DC

NK:

natural killer cells

pDC:

plasmacytoid DC

TLR:

toll-like receptor

TNF:

tumor necrosis factor

TRAIL:

TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand

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Acknowledgements

This work has also been supported by EU grants (ALLOSTEM, DC THERA), INCa and Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer (équipes labelisées by LZ). RC receives a salary from Innate Pharma.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR), Villejuif, France

    N Chaput, R Conforti, S Viaud, A Spatz & L Zitvogel

  2. INSERM U805, IGR, Villejuif, France

    N Chaput, R Conforti, S Viaud & L Zitvogel

  3. Center of Clinical Investigations CBT507, IGR, Villejuif, France

    N Chaput, R Conforti & L Zitvogel

  4. Department of Biopathology, IGR, Villejuif, France

    A Spatz

  5. Faculté Paris-Sud, Université Paris XI, Kremlin-Bicêtre, France

    L Zitvogel

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  1. N Chaput
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Chaput, N., Conforti, R., Viaud, S. et al. The Janus face of dendritic cells in cancer. Oncogene 27, 5920–5931 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1038/onc.2008.270

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