Many patients with mild to severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) have long-term deficits in comprehending medical information and making informed treatment decisions, according to a new study comprising 111 individuals with TBI. The participants' medical decision-making capacity was evaluated at several time points 1 year after injury. In patients with mild TBI or complicated mild TBI, the deficits in some of the cognitively complex aspects of medical decision-making were transient, whereas in patients with more-severe TBI, the capacity for reasoning and understanding medical information often remained compromised.