Abstract
Background A 51-year-old woman with a 5-year history of metastatic small bowel carcinoid disease developed fatigue and gradually worsening dyspnea on exertion, over 6 months.
Investigations Physical examination, transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiography, and aortography.
Diagnosis Left-sided carcinoid disease associated with a patent foramen ovale.
Management Percutaneous transcatheter closure of the patent foramen ovale.
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Chaudhari, P., Abergel, J., Warner, R. et al. Percutaneous closure of a patent foramen ovale in left-sided carcinoid heart disease. Nat Rev Cardiol 4, 455–459 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1038/ncpcardio0944
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/ncpcardio0944
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