Specialized transmembrane proteins known as G protein–coupled receptors (GPCRs) serve as universal cell surface switches to transmit hormones, neurotransmitter and other extracellular chemical signals into cells. Testing ligands of different efficacies reveals two independent modes of receptor switching.
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Vilardaga, JP. Switching modes for G protein–coupled receptor activation. Nat Chem Biol 2, 395–396 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1038/nchembio0806-395
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/nchembio0806-395