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Soft porous crystals

Nature Chemistry volume 1, pages 695–704 (2009)Cite this article

Abstract

The field of host–guest complexation is intensely attractive from diverse perspectives, including materials science, chemistry and biology. The uptake and encapsulation of guest species by host frameworks are being investigated for a wide variety of purposes, including separation and storage using zeolites, and recognition and sensing by enzymes in solution. Here we focus on the concept of the cooperative integration of 'softness' and 'regularity'. Recent developments on porous coordination polymers (or metal–organic frameworks) have provided the inherent properties that combine these features. Such soft porous crystals exhibit dynamic frameworks that are able to respond to external stimuli such as light, electric fields or the presence of particular species, but they are also crystalline and can change their channels reversibly while retaining high regularity. We discuss the relationship between the structures and properties of these materials in view of their practical applications.

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Figure 1: Soft porous crystal as a new class of adsorptive solid materials.
Figure 2: Reorientation of porous networks for guest separation.
Figure 3: Theoretical approach for hysteretic sorption by a gate-opening process of the interpenetrating system.
Figure 4: Unique gas incorporation behaviour triggered by rearrangements of local structure.
Figure 5: Dynamic motions of porous coordination polymers.
Figure 6: Flexible pore spaces for polymerization and magnetic switching.
Figure 7: Perspectives in functions of soft porous crystals with various properties.

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Acknowledgements

This work was financially supported by Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), ERATO Kitagawa Integrated Pores Project.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, 615-8510, Kyoto, Japan

    Satoshi Horike, Satoru Shimomura & Susumu Kitagawa

  2. ERATO Kitagawa Integrated Pores Project, Kyoto Research Park Bldg 3, Shimogyo-ku, 600-8815, Kyoto, Japan

    Satoshi Horike & Susumu Kitagawa

  3. Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS), Kyoto University, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, 606-8501, Kyoto, Japan

    Susumu Kitagawa

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  1. Satoshi Horike
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Correspondence to Susumu Kitagawa.

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Horike, S., Shimomura, S. & Kitagawa, S. Soft porous crystals. Nature Chem 1, 695–704 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1038/nchem.444

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