Summary
Three kinds of variable number of tandem repeat DNA probes (VNTR: pYNZ22, pYNH24, and pYNZ2) showing hypervariable polymorphisms were studied. Allelic frequencies and their confidence intervals among Japanese individuals were obtained. Co-dominant segregation of the polymorphism was confirmed in family studies. Twoa priori probabilities were calculated for each VNTR locus: exclusion probabilities for an alleged father/mother/child trio and for an alleged parent/child duo, and probabilities of matching of genotyped two unrelated individuals or two siblings. Availability as well as highly discriminating polymorphic pattern of VNTR loci makes it potentially very useful for forensic and human genetic purposes.
Similar content being viewed by others
Article PDF
References
Baird, M., Balazs, I., Giusti, A., Miyazaki, L., Nicholas, L., Wexler, K., Kanter, E., Glassberg, J., Allen, F., Rubinstein, P. and Sussmann, L. 1986. Allelic frequency distribution of two highly polymorphic DNA sequences in three ethnic groups and its application to the determination of paternity.Am. J. Hum. Genet. 39: 489–501.
Cooper, D.N. and Schmidtke, J. 1984. DNA restriction fragment length polymorphisms and heterozygosity in the human genome.Hum. Genet. 66: 1–16.
Efron, B. 1979. Bootstrap methods: Another look at the jackknife.Annu. Statist. 7: 1–26.
Garber, R.A. and Morris, J.W. 1983. General equations for the average power of exclusion for genetic systems of n codominant alleles in one-parent and no-parent cases of disputed parentage. In:Inclusion Probabilities in Parentage Testing, Walker R.H., ed., American Association of Blood Banks, Arlington, Virginia, pp. 277–280.
Gill, P., Jeffreys, A.J. and Werrett, D.J. 1985. Forensic application of DNA ‘fingerprint’.Nature 318: 577–579.
Gill, P., Lygo, J.E., Fowler, S.J. and Werrett, D.J. 1987. An evaluation of DNA fingerprinting for forensic purposes.Electrophoresis 8: 38–44.
Giusti, A., Baird, M., Pasquale, S., Balazs, I. and Glassberg, J. 1986. Application of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) polymorphisms to the analysis of DNA recovered from sperm.J. For. Sci. 31: 409–417.
Horn, G.T., Richards, B. and Klinger, K.W. 1989. Amplification of a highly polymorphic VNTR segment by the polymerase chain reaction.Nucleic Acids Res. 17: 2140.
Jeffreys, A.J., Brookfield, J.E.Y. and Semenoff, R. 1985a. Positive identification of an immigration test-case using human DNA fingerprints.Nature 317: 818–819.
Jeffreys, A.J., Wilson, V. and Thein, S.L. 1985b. Individual-specific ‘fingerprints’ of human DNA.Nature 316: 76–79.
Jeffreys, A.J., Wilson, V., Thein, J.L., Weatherall, D.J. and Ponder, B.A.J. 1986. DNA “fingerprints” and segregation analysis of multiple markers in human pedigrees.Am. J. Hum. Genet. 39: 11–24.
Jeffreys, A.J., Royle, N.J., Wilson, V. and Wong, Z. 1988. Spontaneous mutation rates of nem length alleles at tandem repetitive hypervariable loci in human DNA.Nature 332, 278–281.
Komatu, Y. 1952. Probability-theoretic investigations on inheritance. VII2 non-paternity problems.Proc. Jpn. Acad. 28: 105–108.
Maniatis, T., Fritsch, F.F. and Sambrook, J. 1982.Molecular Cloning. A Laboratory Manual (1981). Cold Spring Harbor Lab., Cold Spring Harbor, New York.
Nakamura, Y., Leppert, M., O'Connell, P., Woff, R., Holm, T., Culver, M., Martin, S., Fujimoto, E., Hoff, M., Kumlin, E. and White, R. 1987. Variable number of tandem repeat (VNTR) markers for human gene mapping.Science 235: 1616–1622.
Nakamura, Y., Lathrop, M., O'Connell, P., Leppert, M., Barker, D., Lalouel, J.M. and White, R. 1988. A mapped set of DNA marker for human chromosome 17.Genomics 2: 302–309.
Selvin, S. 1980. Probability of nonpaternity determined by multiple allele codominant systems.Am. J. Hum. Genet. 32: 276–278.
Wainscoat, J.S., Pilkington, S., Peto, T.E.A., Bell, J.I. and Higgs, D.R. 1987. Allele-specific DNA identity patterns.Hum. Genet. 75: 384–387.
Wolff, R.K., Nakamura, Y. and White, R. 1988. Molecular characterization of a spontaneously generated new allele at a VNTR locus: No exchange of flanking DNA sequence.Genomics 3: 347–351.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Yokoi, T., Nata, M., Odaira, T. et al. Hypervariable polymorphic VNTR loci for parentage testing and individual identification. Jap J Human Genet 35, 179–188 (1990). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01876463
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01876463
Key Words
This article is cited by
-
Application of single-locus hypervariable region DNA probes to deficiency cases in paternity testing
International Journal of Legal Medicine (1991)
-
Hypervariable regions of DNA for parentage testing and individual identification
Zeitschrift f�r Rechtsmedizin (1990)
-
A case of maternity testing: Exclusion by polymorphic VNTR markers of DNA
Japanese journal of human genetics (1990)
-
Investigation of paternity establishing without the putative father using hypervariable DNA probes
Japanese journal of human genetics (1990)