IEEE Trans. Electron Dev. 57, 571–580 (2010)

Radio-frequency identification (RFID) tags are microchips with tiny radio antennas that could replace barcodes on consumer goods if they become cheap enough to mass-produce. Gyoujin Cho of South Korea's Sunchon National University and his colleagues have developed a low-cost process that prints RFID tags onto rolls of plastic film (pictured).

Credit: M. JUNG

The film passes through three types of printer, which lay down the electrodes, antenna and other necessary electronic components. The key advance is the ability to print a tag that is powerful enough to be quickly activated and read by a standard RFID reader. The team estimates its per-unit production cost to be about US$0.03.