Dietary sodium, an independent determinant for urinary deoxypyridinoline in elderly women. A cross-sectional study on the effect of dietary factors on deoxypyridinoline excretion in 24-h urine specimens from 763 free-living healthy Japanese

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the effect of sodium, protein and calcium in habitual diets on bone resorption.

Design: A cross-sectional study.

Setting: A community-based study.

Subjects: Healthy free-living male (n=342) and female (n=421) volunteers aged 20–79 y recruited for a health and nutrition examination survey conducted by a local government.

Methods: Bone resorption was assessed by the measurement of free deoxypyridinoline in 24 h urine. Dietary assessment was by one-day dietary record method. Sodium and urea in 24 h urine were also measured for assessment of sodium and protein intake. The relationships between deoxypyridinoline excretion and the dietary factors were examined using correlation and multiple regression statistics.

Results: In women aged 50–79 y, protein intake was positively associated with deoxypyridinoline excretion (P<0.05); and the urinary deoxypyridinoline/creatinine ratio was positively associated with both the urinary calcium/creatinine ratio (P<0.01) and sodium/creatinine ratio (P<0.05). In the multiple regression model, the association of the deoxypyridinoline/creatinine ratio and sodium/creatinine ratio was still significant (P<0.05) after adjustment for possible confounders, in this sex and age group.

Conclusion: In elderly women, habitual excess sodium in diets may result in bone loss through accelerated bone resorption.

Sponsorship: Grant from the Ministry of Health and Welfare, Japan.