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Population genetics is the study of the genetic composition of populations, including distributions and changes in genotype and phenotype frequency in response to the processes of natural selection, genetic drift, mutation and gene flow.
Genome-wide analyses reveal a deep history of musical instruments and specialized vocabulary among Central African hunter-gatherers and the long-term cultural interconnectivity of these groups before and after the Bantu expansion.
Removing the large inverted repeat region from the chloroplast genome revealed a gene dosage benefit for the ribosomal RNA operon. The reduced genome size resulted in increased genome copy numbers and offers potential for synthetic biology.
The Music frogs are revealed to possess adaptative flexibility under climate changes. Mud nests evolved as a key innovation during perennial high temperatures and precipitations but lost in certain descendants when the weather got dryer and colder.
In this Comment, Lamkin and Gymrek discuss recent results that suggest that the systematic incorporation of tandem repeats into complex trait analyses will yield a rich source of causal variants and new biological insights.
Reflecting on the importance of short tandem repeats (STRs) in population genetics, Ning Xie highlights a 2023 publication that characterized genome-wide STR variation in global human genomes to expand our understanding of STR genetic diversity within and across populations.
A publication in Nature reports the data release of around 245,000 clinical-grade whole-genome sequences as part of the NIH’s All of Us Research Programme. Several companion papers highlight the value of better capturing global genomic diversity.
In this Journal Club, Yoav Ram recalls how he reconciled results from his own research with the reduction principle through the help of a paper published in PNAS by Altenberg et al.