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Since its first appearance in the US in 1999, the arthropod-borne flavivirus West Nile virus has emerged as the main cause of epidemic meningoencephalitis in North America. DeBiasi and Tyler review the epidemiology, clinical features, diagnosis and prognosis of West Nile virus neuroinvasive disease, and discuss current treatments and prospects for future therapies.
It is becoming clear that certain forms of many human neurological disorders, including myotonia, periodic paralysis, epilepsy and migraine, can be attributed to genetically induced ion-channel dysfunction. In this review, Michael Hanna discusses the clinical, genetic and electrophysiological features of a range of neurological channelopathies that are caused by mutations in single genes.
The risk of stroke following transient ischemic attack has been underestimated. In this Viewpoint, Peter Rothwell examines the risk of stroke at relevant time intervals following transient ischemic attack, evaluates the available methods for predicting stroke risk in these patients, and describes potential approaches to stroke prevention.