Browse Articles

Macrophages populate the body's tissues and organs, where they become highly specialized to preserve organ integrity in the event of microbial invasion or injury. A dynamic crosstalk between the macrophages and their surrounding tissue cells is crucial to ensuring this homeostatic function. This Review highlights the key molecules and mechanisms involved in macrophage–tissue interactions.

Sarah Gaffen describes a 2006 paper by Toyet al. that elucidated the subunit composition of the receptor for IL-17.

Oestrogen receptor-β promotes immune evasion of endometriotic tissue by blocking TNF-induced apoptosis and enhancing inflammasome activity.

This Opinion article proposes that interleukin-15 (IL-15) is a master regulator of tissue-specific T cell responses to promote the destruction of infected cells. Hence, dysregulation of IL-15 production in tissues during sterile inflammation can lead to T cell-mediated autoimmunity.

Researchers design switchable therapeutic T cells that can be remotely activated by a small-molecule drug.

Inhibition of epigenetic modifiers in ovarian cancer cells blocks cancer progression and improves immunotherapy.

Ron Germain describes two seminal papers by Marc Jenkins and colleagues that introduced new techniques for analysis of the T cell repertoire.

Dietary long-chain fatty acids enhance the differentiation of T_H1 and T_H17 cells in the gut, which worsens disease in a mouse model of multiple sclerosis.

Smoking promotes pathogenic T_H17 cell responses by inducing the expression of miR-22 in myeloid cells.

B cells expressing GM-CSF activate myeloid cells to drive T cell-mediated multiple sclerosis.

Acute infection can lead to chronic lymphadenopathy and long-term immune impairment.

The kinases MST1 and MST2, which are activated by Toll-like receptor stimulation, regulate the trafficking of mitochondria to phagosomes to deliver reactive oxygen species.

RIPK1 and NF-κB signalling in dying cells are necessary for CD8⁺T cell cross-priming.

This Essay considers how prokaryotic and mammalian immune systems ensure tolerance or resistance to genetic elements. In particular, the authors discuss the restriction–modification and CRISPR–Cas activities of prokaryotes and the analogous immune pathways found in mammals.

The microbiota drives ageing and the acquisition of pro-inflammatory functions in circulating neutrophils.

Perforin-positive dendritic cells protect against metabolic syndrome and autoimmunity.

Stimulation of naive CD4⁺T cells in glutamine-deprived conditions favours differentiation into regulatory T cells.

Emerging evidence suggests that the stroma of the tumour microenvironment can shape antitumour immunity and responsiveness to immunotherapy. The stromal cells and the signals they produce that influence tumour-infiltrating leukocytes, as well as the implications for cancer treatment, are reviewed here.

Reciprocal interactions between leukocytes and endothelial cells enable leukocytes to recognize the blood vessel endothelium in areas of inflammation and transmigrate across the endothelial barrier to mount an immune response in infected and/or damaged tissues.