Browse Articles

This Review focuses on our growing understanding of immunological memory behaviour in natural killer (NK) cells. The authors discuss the development and functions of memory NK cells and consider the potential of targeting these populations for vaccination or therapeutic purposes.

Downregulation of the T-box transcription factors eomesodermin (EOMES) and T-bet drives tissue-resident memory T cell fate.

Peter Doherty describes the 1962 paper by Jim Gowans that characterized lymphocyte-mediated immunity.

Decreased cholesterol metabolism in response to virus infection potentiates the type I interferon-mediated antiviral response.

The development and maintenance of protective CD8⁺ T cell memory require help. This is provided by CD4⁺ T cells in many ways. Here, the authors review the latest insights into this multifaceted role for CD4⁺T cells, and the implications for vaccine design and T cell-based therapies.

Signalling by pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) is finely tuned by many regulators and amplifiers, and a complex interplay between PRR pathways and other immune receptor pathways helps to ensure that appropriate immune defence pathways are initiated and coordinated. Xuetao Cao describes some of the latest advances in this complex regulation.

In this Review, the authors relate the growing appreciation of the neuroimmune circuits that link inflammatory and immune responses with depressive behaviours. They explore the evolutionary basis of this neuroimmune link and discuss how a better understanding of these pathways may lead to new therapies that treat depression by targeting the immune system.

Single-cell RNA sequencing identifies T helper 17 cell heterogeneity and regulators of pathogenicity.

Here, the authors detail our current understanding of specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs), a family of endogenous mediators that have important roles in promoting the resolution of inflammation. With a focus on the lungs, they discuss the contribution of SPMs to infectious and chronic inflammatory diseases and their emerging therapeutic potential.

In this Review, the authors detail the emerging evidence that supports the existence of memory populations of regulatory T (T_Reg) cells. They explain the immunological settings in which memory T_Regcells develop, discuss the physiological relevance of these cells and address some of the key questions that remain for this rapidly evolving field.

The recent discovery that some memory T cells can become tissue resident after infection warrants further study into the mechanisms and therapeutic implications of such enhanced regional immunity.

An intronic element ofFoxp3 facilitates the selection of T_Regcells with a diverse TCR repertoire for effective self-tolerance.

T cell receptor-stimulated regulatory T cells cluster with self-reactive T cells to receive signals from interleukin-2 and maintain immune homeostasis.

Two papers inSciencepresent evidence in mice that certain species of intestinal bacteria can drive antitumour immune responses and modulate responses to immune checkpoint blockade.

An early innate immune response is induced at the epithelium during viral infections, independently of interferons.

Accumulating data are highlighting new roles for the caspase family of cysteine proteases beyond their well-established functions in apoptosis and inflammation. This Review describes these emerging roles for caspases in mediating distinct forms of programmed cell death and directing inflammasome and innate immune responses.

Tolerance to commensal skin microorganisms relies on early bacterial colonization and an influx of regulatory T cells into neonatal skin.

SOCS family member CISH hushes T cell receptor signalling and limits tumour killing.

Activation of STING (stimulator of interferon genes) by cytosolic aberrant DNA species or cyclic dinucleotides triggers transcription of numerous innate immune genes. In this Review, the author summarizes recent insights into the regulation of STING signalling and its role in autoinflammatory disease and cancer.

This Review describes the role of the immune system in dengue pathogenesis. The authors also discuss new insights gained from human monoclonal antibodies against dengue virus as well as the recent vaccine trials and the challenges to develop an effective dengue vaccine.