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Head and neck cancer is an unexpectedly heterogeneous disease. In this Review, Leemans, Snijders and Brakenhoff provide an update on the molecular biology of head and neck cancer, outline the role of human papillomavirus and discuss the functional role of genes involved in malignant progression to identify subgroups to personalize treatment.
To efficiently prevent cancers associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, especially cervical cancer, effective vaccines and high vaccination coverage are required. This Review provides insight into virological, immunological and strategical progress in HPV vaccines as well as implementation and potential advances.
Allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is a well-established treatment for many haematopoietic malignancies but often results in life-threatening complications, such as graft-versus-host disease, relapse and infections. This Review discusses the potential role of intestinal microbiota in complications after allo-HSCT.
This Review discusses the mutational landscape and evolution of follicular lymphoma. Deciphering the earliest initiating lesions and the molecular alterations leading to disease progression might help identify the most relevant targets for therapy of these tumours.
In this Review, Hunteret al. discuss how genetic heterogeneity impacts metastatic disease and outline the implications of our current knowledge in this area for future research efforts and therapeutic interventions.
Fanconi anaemia (FA) is a genetic disorder associated with bone marrow failure, congenital abnormalities and an increased risk of developing cancer. In this Review, Nalepa and Clapp describe the roles of FA proteins in maintaining genome homeostasis and explain how dysregulation of the FA pathway through mutations in the FA genes might lead to carcinogenesis.
In this Review, Burger and Wiestner describe the latest insights into B cell receptor (BCR) signalling with respect to its contribution to B cell malignancies and discuss how inhibitors that target kinases downstream of the BCR are changing treatment outcomes for patients with B cell neoplasms.
This Review describes tumour cell-intrinsic oncogenic pathways implicated in tumour immune evasion and highlights the potential for targeting these pathways to overcome resistance to immunotherapy in various cancer types.
