Editorials in 2015

A large collection of human genomes from Sardinia is reported in three linked papers that implicate new genetic variants in the regulation of height, blood lipids, inflammatory markers and hemoglobin levels. These analyses provide new insight into disease susceptibility and evolution in isolated human populations and illuminate the genetics of complex phenotypes.

Journal requirements for data deposition and encouragement of deposition of preprints in a community preprint server are stated policy. Because many authors put data in a public repository only upon publication and many still ask about the status of preprints, here is a further statement of our position.

The reference human genome assembly is remarkable in its completeness and usefulness in research. However, the range of allelic variation in the human population is not well described by a haploid assembly with a profusion of alternative loci. Homozygous regions and the use of multiple sequencing technologies increasingly have roles in strategies for identifying regulatory and trait-associated variation.

From the Human Genome Organization (HUGO) onward, there has been a desire to get together to talk about using our shared genomic heritage to improve human health and development. We now have all the organizations we need and should collaborate on multiple practical demonstrations of the usefulness of genomic knowledge—be it human, animal or plant—for human health.

A considerable proportion of the usefulness and interest of research publications in our field comes from the data and associated metadata. We therefore insist that data be available for peer reviewers to see and readers to use. Authors should use public permanent repositories designed for appropriately consented data.

We offer to publish Analyses of genomic and phenotypic data that present new concepts and strategies for the improvement of crop plant yield and nutritional value via the introduction, selection and use of genetic variation within the context of changes in markets, climate, water use and agronomic practices.

The largest-ever set of human genomes from a single population and the consequent insights into mutation, evolution, gene function and disease predisposition are reported in four linked papers. These results provide a strategy for the analysis of the full spectrum of genetic variation in any population and raise questions about how society should implement the knowledge gained.

Attention to accurate representation of claims within a research article together with the evidence and method supporting each claim can expedite peer review. Accurate citation of the claims of others is essential to avoid prematurely closing possibly productive research strategies.

Nature and its sister journals start offering anonymity to authors during the peer-review process.

Plant genomes are the index that will allow plant breeders and researchers to access the information contained in the world's seed banks, with each allele linking germplasm, genotype and phenotype. The journal endorses the international DivSeek initiative and will work with authors to ensure access to phenotype data linked to published genetic data.