Thank you for visiting nature.com. You are using a browser version with limited support for CSS. To obtain
the best experience, we recommend you use a more up to date browser (or turn off compatibility mode in
Internet Explorer). In the meantime, to ensure continued support, we are displaying the site without styles
and JavaScript.
Hydraulic fracturing can trigger seismic events though a variety of direct and indirect mechanisms, and could result in injuries, fatalities and damage to critical infrastructure. This Review considers six fundamental issues to address how induced seismicity can be predicted or mitigated.
New, non-compliant emissions of ozone-depleting substances and very short-lived substances challenge the continued success of the Montreal Protocol, and, thereby, the timescale for the recovery of the ozone layer. This Review discusses recent trends in anthropogenic and natural ozone-depleting substance and very short-lived substance emissions, and examines their potential impact on atmospheric ozone concentrations.
The Deepwater Horizon disaster was the largest accidental discharge of oil into the environment, and was intensely studied during and after the event. In this Review, the subsequent advances made in oil chemistry, dispersant application, and microbiology are discussed.
The El Niño–Southern Oscillation exerts a strong influence on the global climate, including South America, where understanding of the phenomenon first emerged. This Review outlines the impacts of the El Niño–Southern Oscillation on South America, focusing on the mechanisms and diversity of resulting teleconnections.
The increase in clothing consumption, exemplified in fast fashion, has severe environmental consequences. This Review discusses the impacts of fashion on natural resources and the environment, and examines how technology, policy and consumer behaviour can mitigate the negative effects of the fashion industry.
Constraining the timescale of magmatic processes in the build-up to eruption is critical for hazard assessments and informing volcano-monitoring networks. This Review discusses the application of diffusion chronometry, which uses re-equilibration of chemical zoning profiles in crystals to extract time information, to understand the timescales of magmatic processes.
To reduce the risks and uncertainty that surround volcanic eruptions, attention must be given to all available data. Historical records can provide insight into past eruptions, as well as the social and political responses to volcanic activity.
Games are a popular way for people to spend their spare time, but they can also provide useful tools to communicate and teach geoscience. The SeriousGeoGames Lab has engaged thousands with geosciences through the Earth Arcade and virtual reality gaming.
Due to their intense moisture transport, atmospheric rivers are associated with hydrological hazards such as extreme rainfall and flooding. This Review discusses how atmospheric-river characteristics and impacts may change with warming, synthesizing physical theory, observations and modelling.