Figure 2 - Origin of cranial nerves involved in swallowing.
From the following article
Physiology of oral cavity, pharynx and upper esophageal sphincter
Benson T. Massey
GI Motility online (2006)
doi:10.1038/gimo2
This illustration is a lateral view of the brain stem. Note that cranial nerves V and VII arise in pons and IX, X and XII arise in medulla. In medulla, these nuclei are closely packed and can be affected together in medullary lesions. (Source: Netter medical illustration with permission of Elsevier. All rights reserved.)
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